Money

<html><body>
GUEST OBSERVATION
A banknote has been sitting in my wallet for six months now. As time ticks on, it burns an ever greater hole in my pocket.
At first I felt uneasy spending it, following COVID-19 warnings to pay more attention to hand hygiene and the surfaces we all touch on a daily basis.
Now I have less and less opportunity to do so. While the World Health Organisation has <a href="https://www.marketwatch.com/story/who-we-did-not-say-that-cash-was-transmitting-coronavirus-2020-03-06">never advised</a> against using cash, <a href="https://www.propertyobserver.com.au/https://www.abc.net.au/news/2020-03-20/will-coronavirus-kill-off-cash-in-australia/12065860">more and more businesses</a> are displaying signs that read “We Only Accept Contactless Payment” next to their registers.
A recent <a href="https://newsroom.mastercard.com/asia-pacific/press-releases/mastercard-study-shows-consumers-moving-to-contactless-payments-for-everyday-purchases-as-they-seek-cleaner-touch-free-options/">global poll</a> conducted by MasterCard – a company with reason to favour card-based payments – found 82% of its users see contactless payments as cleaner than cash.
Online shopping is booming too. Amazon’s value alone has <a href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/sergeiklebnikov/2020/07/23/5-big-numbers-that-show-amazons-explosive-growth-during-the-coronavirus-pandemic/#5e58ab4a4137">risen by 570 billion US dollars</a> this year.
But while electronic payment may reduce our exposure to germs, it also shows banks, vendors and payment platforms what we do with our money. Social media is awash with <a href="https://www.propertyobserver.com.au/https://twitter.com/LeProfMoriarty/status/1301043738475720704">posts</a> condemning the forced use of contactless payment for fear of overseers eyeballing spending. Some people are even <a href="https://www.facebook.com/groups/732178480871805/">boycotting stores</a> that won’t accept cash.
The growth of digital transactions exposes yet another aspect of our personal life to, what the social psychologist Shoshana Zuboff has called, “<a href="https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2019/jan/20/shoshana-zuboff-age-of-surveillance-capitalism-google-facebook">surveillance capitalism</a>”. Financial data is now a valuable raw material that can be bought, sold and refined in the name of profit.
The decline of cash
When the pandemic began, cash had already been on the decline for years. In Australia, <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/business/2020/jun/24/virtually-no-demand-for-coins-in-covid-19-era-as-australias-shift-from-cash-to-digital-hastens">demand for coins</a> fell by more than 50% between 2013 and 2019.
For many people, increasing digitisation is synonymous with progress. It can be seen as a way of leaving the cumbersome, historical artefacts of coins and banknotes behind.
COVID-19 has accelerated this move away from cash. Wariness of <a href="https://www.insider.com/does-money-carry-germs">microbe-ridden banknotes</a> has seen contactless payment become a spontaneous public health standard.
Because cash is a social material, it moves between us, connecting us both financially and physically. The US Federal Reserve even decided to <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-fed-dollars/fed-quarantines-us-dollars-repatriated-from-asia-on-coronavirus-caution-idUSKBN20T1YT">quarantine dollars</a> returning from Asia earlier this year in an attempt to stop the coronavirus crossing its borders.
Dropping digital breadcrumbs
One perk of paper money is that it does not leave paper trails. Digital money, however, leaves traces in the databases of banks, vendors and platform owners, while governments look keenly over their shoulders.
Financial journalist Brett Scott calls this a “<a href="https://networkcultures.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/14-brettscott.pdf">prison of watchable payments</a>”.
Tax officials love digital transactions because they make it easier to monitor the nation’s economy. Banks and payment platforms are pleased as well: not only do they collect fees and gain the ability to allow or obstruct transactions, they can also profit from the troves of personal data piling up on their servers.
Internally, banks use this data to offer you <a href="https://www.abc.net.au/life/banks-keep-lots-of-information-about-you-this-is-how-it-is-used/10912378#:%7E:text=What%20do%20banks%20use%20the%20personal%20data%20for%3F&amp;text=The%20first%20type%20is%20personalised,whether%20to%20lend%20us%20money.">other bespoke services</a> such as loans and insurance. But information is also aggregated to better understand wider economic trends, and then <a href="https://thenewdaily.com.au/finance/finance-news/2018/04/06/big-banks-sell-data-customer-spending-habits/">sold on to third parties</a>.
At the moment, these data metrics are anonymised but that doesn’t guard against retailers using <a href="https://thenewdaily.com.au/finance/finance-news/2018/04/06/big-banks-sell-data-customer-spending-habits/">de-anonymising techniques</a> to attach transactions back to your identity.
<a href="https://www.fastcompany.com/90310803/here-are-the-data-brokers-quietly-buying-and-selling-your-personal-information">Data brokers</a> exist for this very reason: building digital profiles and creating a marketplace for them. This allows retailers to target you with tailored advertisements based on your spending. The devices at everyone’s fingertips become a feedback loop of information in which companies analyse what people have bought and then urge them to buy more.
Can surveillance work on your behalf?
Having records of every transaction can also be useful for individuals. Companies such as <a href="https://www.revolut.com/en-AU">Revolut</a> and <a href="https://monzo.com">Monzo</a> offer “spending analytics” services to help customers manage their money by tracking where it goes each month.
But information about a user’s own behaviour never truly belongs to them. And, as the digital economist Nick Srnicek explains, “<a href="https://www.google.com.au/books/edition/Platform_Capitalism/2HdNDwAAQBAJ?hl=en&amp;gbpv=0#spf=1599549352476">suppression of privacy is at the heart of the business model</a>”.
Digital payment with (some) privacy
While filling virtual baskets or paying by tapping a card does open up transactions for inspection, there are still ways you can protect your health and your data at the same time.
“Virtual cards” like those provided by <a href="https://privacy.com/">privacy.com</a> are one useful tool. These services let users create multiple card numbers for different online purchases that conceal consumption patterns from banks and credit card details from merchants.
Cryptocurrencies might also find a new limelight in the pandemic. Hailed as cash for the internet, the inbuilt privacy mechanisms of Bitcoin, Zcash and Monero could work to mask transactions.
However, finding companies that accept them is challenging, and their <a href="https://www.google.com.au/books/edition/Money_Code_Space/QZj5DwAAQBAJ?hl=en&amp;gbpv=0#spf=1599549442513">privacy capabilities are often overstated</a> for everyday users. This is particularly true when using exchanges and third-party wallet software such as <a href="https://www.coinbase.com/">Coinbase</a>.
In brick-and-mortar stores, staying under the radar can be more difficult. <a href="https://auspost.com.au/money-insurance/buy-gift-cards/auspost-gift-card">Prepaid cards</a> are one option – but you’ll need to buy the card itself with cash if you want to keep your anonymity fully intact. And that takes us back to square one.<img src="https://counter.theconversation.com/content/145179/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-basic" alt="The Conversation" width="1" height="1" style="border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; margin: 0 !important; max-height: 1px !important; max-width: 1px !important; min-height: 1px !important; min-width: 1px !important; opacity: 0 !important; outline: none !important; padding: 0 !important; text-shadow: none !important;">
<a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/jack-parkin-1147810">Jack Parkin</a>, Digital Economist, <a href="https://theconversation.com/institutions/western-sydney-university-1092">Western Sydney University</a>
This article is republished from <a href="https://theconversation.com">The Conversation</a> under a Creative Commons license. Read the <a href="https://theconversation.com/cashless-payment-is-booming-thanks-to-coronavirus-so-is-financial-surveillance-145179">original article</a>.
</body></html>

j.ballantyne1990-6AQqhLzZaK

Cashless payment is booming and so is financial surveillance

<html><body>
Not only are more Australian parents giving their kids free handouts, they are failing to teach young ones how to work for and save money, a new survey by  comparison site finder.com.au has found.
The survey of more than 1,000 Australian adults found that while almost two in three Aussie kids (63%) are receiving pocket money – about 3.3 million kids aged up to 17 – only one in three of them (or about 1.09 million) actually have to do chores for their cash.
The state of our nation’s personal finances could be set to get even worse, as many parents who had to work for their childhood allowance are choosing to forgo this valuable lesson in their own parenting. Only two in five (42%) adults who had to do chores for their pocket money are now instilling these values in their kids.
The total cost of pocket money per child over the course of their childhood is $7,016 according to the finder.com.au study, with the average weekly allowance sitting at $9.30, or $483.60 a year per child.
Unsurprisingly, those children on the cusp of adulthood – aged 17 years – were found to be the most expensive age, costing their parents almost $800 for the year. Children aged 0-2 were receiving an annual average of $260 from their parents.
The study also found that parents were most likely to give their kids pocket money when they were aged 13-14, with 78% of parents doing so. As kids get older and start taking on part time jobs, the percentage of kids receiving pocket money decreases, dropping to 63 percent at 17 years-old.
The more children parents had, the less likely they were to give their kids pocket money with 60 percent of children with no siblings receiving an income, but only 34 percent of four-children households give their kids pocket money.
Michelle Hutchison, Money Expert at finder.com.au, said that there is a silver lining for parents looking to nurture good money habits in their children provided they give them the right tools.
"Teaching your kids the value of money from a young age is crucial to help them gain an understanding and respect for savings. Our research shows that not enough parents are proactive in teaching their kids the value of money on a regular basis by using bank accounts and pocket money for chores.
"Pocket money is a terrific way to teach kids how to value money but it's almost pointless without including conditions like doing chores and keeping the amount consistent.
“The finder.com.au research showed that children have been twice as successful at achieving a savings goal if they have their own savings account; We also found that kids who receive pocket money are more likely to have one. But there’s always room for improvement.Clearly the love of building savings begins young, so finding the right tools to spur their interest is vital.
“Giving a young one their own not only allows them to ‘play grown up’, it actually stimulates positive personal finance habits that will genuinely benefit their future selves.
"Pocket money doesn't have to be an expensive exercise – if you can teach your kids how rewarding it is to save up their money for a goal it will be even more meaningful."
Other findings from the finder.com.au survey:
<ul>
<li>Kids who don't do chores may not only be missing out on learning the value of money, but they are likely to receive more than their working counterparts. Only 40% of kids who do chores were likely to receive over $5 per week, whereas 65% of kids who don't do chores received over $5</li>
<li>How do you make $260 a year without doing anything? Be an Aussie kid under two years of age. Kids up to two received an average of $5 a week</li>
<li>As kids age, their income tends to increase at 7.6% annually – that's compared to the average savings account rate of about 3%!</li>
<li>68% of parents surveyed received pocket money when they were a kid but 71% of which didn't have to do chores to receive it. About 1 in 3 parents who did receive pocket money didn't repeat the practice with their kids</li>
<li>Generation Y (aged 18-34) is the most likely age group to give their kids pocket money (54%). As parents age, the likelihood of giving pocket money decreases to 41% for Generation X and 37% for Baby Boomers who have children under 18.</li>
<li>27% of parents have not opened a bank account for their kids.</li>
</ul>
State by State
<ul>
<li>The state most likely to give their children pocket money is ACT (76%) followed by Tasmania (73%). Northern Territory kids are the least likely to receive pocket money (50%)</li>
<li>Of the parents who give their kids pocket money, Queenslanders were most likely to insist they do chores (52%)</li>
<li>NSW children are most likely to get pocket money for nothing, with only 15% of them being asked to do chores</li>
<li>Tasmanian kids are most likely to have a bank account (90%) followed by children from Victoria (77%)</li>
<li>ACT and NT kids are the least likely to have a bank account (67%).</li>
</ul>
</body></html>

Money

Editor's Picks

Have something to contribute?

Developments

New apartments

New townhouses

News

Money

Editor's Picks

Receive the latest news stories to your inbox

Have something to contribute?

Developments

New apartments

New townhouses

News