Dairy Farm

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<img src="https://counter.theconversation.edu.au/content/57114/count.gif" alt="The Conversation" width="1" height="1">
GUEST OBSERVERS
A structural change is underway in global dairy markets. A perfect storm has emerged through a coincidence of events, technology, and policy changes across the major dairy producing nations, including Australia, which will result in a long term significant reset of dairy economics across the globe.
Cooperatives Murray Goulburn and Fonterra have both dramatically reduced the prices they offer dairy farmers for milk, sparking a backlash from farmers, who say they will be pushed into the red and out of dairy.
It is only due to the strength of the two cooperatives in absorbing the costs of high milk prices in a changing market that these reductions did not occur earlier. The cooperatives have shown an inadequate understanding of global dairy economics by over-paying farmers and by seeking to claw back over-paid advances.
The low prices have been blamed on a short-term oversupply coinciding with a reduction in demand from China and Russia. Some of this demand is now being met by Chinese investment in both Australia and New Zealand which also contributes to the changes underway. But the debate thus far has focused on problems with demand while ignoring the bigger issue of increasing global over-supply.
The preoccupation with the belief that global demand will solve emerging on-farm production cost difficulties and that a “substantial improvement in prices was still expected by mid-2016” was naïve and failed to recognise how quickly, and irreversibly global dairy supply can change.
Since the mid-2000s a strong increase in demand for milk products across Asia, largely on the back of rising middle-income wealth led to the complete depletion of surplus dairy stocks in the European Union and the US. This change to the supply-demand equilibrium resulted in a temporary sea-change in dairy markets because growth in demand simply outpaced growth in supply by between 50% and 100% in some markets on an annual basis.
To a large extent this imbalance had been driven by regulation of the global supply market in which only a few export nations competed – Australia and New Zealand included. It resulted in higher than historical average dairy prices in global markets, but considerably more short-term volatility due to global GDP shocks and short-term supply-demand imbalances.
Regrettably a critical assumption that appears to have emerged among producers during this period, as evidenced by continued investment and expansion, was that the real price for global dairy commodities was increasing, a trend they expected to continue in the long term.
The current dairy price scenario, which would historically have been short-lived, is in fact masking underlying structural changes to supply-side dynamics that are now underway. Only approximately 7 percent of globally produced milk is traded (65 billion milk-equivalent litres). Therefore, a small change in supply globally has a profound effect on the global dairy market equilibrium.
The EU is the world’s largest milk producer, with approximately 160 billion litres produced annually. The <a href="https://www.fao.org/docrep/012/i1522e/i1522e02.pdf">r</a>emoval of milk production quotas in March 2015 presented an opportunity for dairy expansion and, even more importantly, one that is no longer confined to the traditional dairy exporters of Ireland, France, Belgium, and the Netherlands.
Under quota, EU exports doubled between 2000 and 2013 to 9.5 billion litres and are anticipated to increase again this coming season. Quota removal has freed dairy farmers in central and Eastern Europe to increase in scale considerably, availing themselves of technologies denied during the Cold War years. Coupled with the removal of regulations concerning the transportation of liquid milk across borders, producers and processors now find themselves with opportunities for growth not experienced since the second world war.
Political policies in the world’s third largest dairy producer, the USA, are also likely to influence global dairy supply in the future. Current dairy production is being stimulated by low feed prices, which were driven by record yield seasons in 2013 and 2014, similar levels in 2015 and new projected highs this year.
Eighty percent of US dairy farm costs are feed. The reduction in feed costs from US$29.26 per 100kg milk in August 2012 to US$18.04 per 100 kg milk in June 2015 has greatly increased the value of marginal production.
The advent of large-scale fracking, which has resulted in a significant reduction in the price of oil, will likely maintain lower corn prices, at least in the short-term. This comes as the reduced value of biofuels re-focus the use of corn back to a feedstuffs for farmed livestock. The net result is that 75% of every new tonne of production across the USA is expected to be sold on the global surplus market.
Farmers have fought for free trade and open access for decades on both sides of the Tasman. Now that it is emerging, profitable returns will be caught first by the lowest cost global producer.
We are fools to think that that will be either Australia or New Zealand. Therefore, possibly with the exception of the US market, a downward reset is in store for global dairy prices.
James Lockhart is senior Lecturer, School of Management, Massey University and can be contacted <a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/james-lockhart-265538" target="_blank">here</a>.
Danny Donaghy is professor of Dairy Production Systems, Massey University and can be contacted <a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/danny-donaghy-265818" target="_blank">here</a>.
Hamish Gow is professor of Agribusiness, Massey University and can be contacted <a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/hamish-gow-265539" target="_blank">here</a>.
All are authors for The Conversation.
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jchancellor-FAypfDUnLy

Milk price cuts reflect the reality of sweeping changes in global dairy market

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<img src="https://counter.theconversation.edu.au/content/57114/count.gif" alt="The Conversation" width="1" height="1">
GUEST OBSERVER
The Australian government’s intervention in the dairy crisis by offering concessional loans to struggling farmers has prompted suggestions that other types of regulation - such as a dairy floor price - might be needed.
The dairy industry was deregulated more than a decade ago; perhaps it’s time Australia looked to other countries for models to fix the system.
The current situation facing the Australian dairy industry is the same the world over. The European Union and the United States come to mind, as milk supply outweighs demand. But they provide assistance to their dairy farmers through subsidies or other support that helps to keep them viable.
Canada does not compete internationally in the dairy sector as it maintains a supply management system introduced in the early 1970s. Dairy is not subsidised, as government provides no support, and the price paid to farmers is negotiated among stakeholders.
When I explained this Canadian supply management model to Victoria dairy farmers, as part of my research earlier this year, they rejected the idea. However the current situation may cause some of them to reconsider this position.
While the Canadian model works for Canadian farmers, a supply managed system would be more difficult for those in Australia given that about 40% of Victorian dairy is exported and exports don’t happen with supply management. But Australia’s share of the global market is decreasing over time, despite the best efforts of Australian dairy organisations and farmers, and the number of farms continues to decline. Perhaps Australia will end up with a system resembling a supply managed one through market mechanisms.
I interviewed a total of 45 farmers and dairy stakeholders in Australia during February and March of this year, nearly half in Queensland and the remainder in Victoria and Tasmania. I was interested in how the Australian dairy model works, especially as it is cited by the business press in Canada as one that we should adopt given their dislike of Canada’s regulated system.
What is the supply management model? Briefly, it matches domestic demand with domestic supply and exports are non-existent. The system is based on quotas - for example a kilogram of milk solid costs C$25,000 in the province of Ontario where I live, and it represents about one cow’s worth of production. Producers need at least 50kg of milk solids to run a decently remunerative operation.
Stakeholders representing producers, consumers, processors, the restaurant association and others meet annually to determine price, not government. Included in this is a profit guarantee for farmers that allows them to make long-term decisions and maintain a middle class lifestyle while milking on average about 70 cows. It also means they are immune to this latest global crisis, and to future ones.
And if supermarkets decide to use milk as a loss leader, it is the deep-pocketed supermarket that takes the hit, not the farmer. The price paid to the latter is guaranteed by negotiation, which creates stability.
Clearly, this is not how it operates in Australia where the supermarkets, according to one Queensland dairy producer, “must bruise the farmers to give them a loss leader.” Nor is the price consumers pay for milk in Ontario out of line with that charged by Coles and Woolworths, the real regulators of Australian dairy. Southern Ontarians pay the equivalent of the infamous A$1.00 per litre – A$4.00 for Canada’s four litre container, and have done so for years.
I found in my research that Victoria’s dairy farmers are in favour of privatisation and deregulation. They talked a lot about efficiency and how they are among the world’s more efficient farmers, and Canadians must surely not be, given their system.
Perhaps this is true if efficiency is measured by getting the greatest amount of milk for the least input. But Australian dairy farmers fall behind by other parameters.
Ontario dairy farmers, for example, employ robotic technology at a much greater rate than their Victorian counterparts. New dairy barns are being put up all over the province and a majority of them install robots to do their milking. Ontario now has hundreds of farms using milking robots.
The situation in Victoria could well come to that of New Zealand’s, where cows may be culled and the survivor’s rations severely cut back, as farmers are unable to feed supplements in such an adverse economic climate.
In an interview, as part of my research, one New Zealand dairy farmer told me he was into “starvation mode” for his cows because of cost. He was feeding them with grass only and when that ran out, there was nothing else. He was certainly running an efficient farm, but at a significant cost to his own mental health and to that of his cows’ wellbeing and ability to provide milk.
One Victorian farmer told me that even before the announcement of cuts to the milk solids price, he and his colleagues “farmed at the margins". When prices are robust, so are farmer’s livelihoods, but when they collapse, as they always do in a commodity situation, so do their livelihoods.
This results in another vicious cycle of dairy farmers quitting the industry which leads to further instability. As another interviewee told me, following the cut:
“We will wait and see and hang on for dear life.”
Might the future of Victorian dairy be Queensland, where farmers suffered much of what their Victoria counterparts are now experiencing more than a decade ago after deregulation, and dairy is now a niche industry?
As one Queensland interviewee emphatically instructed me about Canada’s model:
“Don’t give away [the] regulated system!”
Now is the time for Victoria to consider the advice of this farmer and introduce more regulation.
Bruce Muirhead is professor of History and the associate vice president, External Research , University of Waterloo and author for The Conversation. He can be contacted <a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/bruce-muirhead-269512" target="_blank">here</a>.
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Time to get regulation back into Australian dairy?

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<img src="https://counter.theconversation.edu.au/content/57114/count.gif" alt="The Conversation" width="1" height="1">
GUEST OBSERVER
Agriculture Minister Barnaby Joyce has announced a package of concessional loans and facilitation of access to assistance for the beleaguered dairy industry.
The government will make available immediately A$55 million in concessional loans for Murray Goulburn and Fonterra suppliers, and access to $500 million of such loans over 2016-17 and 2017-18. These recovery loans will be for terms of ten years.
They will be funded by expanding the drought concessional loan scheme to include criteria that are specific to the dairy industry.
Dairy farmers have been squeezed as milk processors Murray Goulburn and Fonterra cut prices after they over-estimated returns from exports. Farmers have been faced with having to pay back advances that had already been given to them.
There has been considerable public support for their plight, with some consumers favouring the higher-priced brands of milk rather than the cheaper home brand in supermarkets.
The government has resisted calls for a levy on milk.
The government says opposition agriculture spokesman Joel Fitzgibbon was consulted in the development of the package under the convention of the “caretaker” period. But Fitzgibbon rejected this. “A vague letter last Friday might be Barnaby Joyce’s idea of consultation, but it is not mine,” he said.
The package includes a number of other measures, focused especially on helping farmers get access quickly to assistance.
There will be $900,000 for an extra nine rural financial counsellors in Victoria, Tasmania, South Australia and New South Wales, and $900,000 to Dairy Australia to continue rolling out one-on-one business advisory support under the Tactics for Tight Times programs.
Applications for the Farm Household Allowance will be fast-tracked, with a decision made almost immediately in cases of real hardship when the necessary information is available. Case officers will be available to talk with the farmer’s accountant or financial adviser to speed up obtaining the information.
One-stop-shop mobile service centres are now travelling through dairy areas of Victoria and South Australia to give direct access to a full range of government services.
A Dairy Industry Liaison Officer will be appointed to work on the ground with farmers and communities to co-ordinate support and services.
Joyce said that in a sign of “strong confidence in the industry’s future”, a re-elected Coalition government would commit $20 million to build the upgrade of the Macalister Irrigation System in Gippsland. This would upgrade the 1920s and 1950s era Southern-Tinamba area irrigation network, delivering almost ten gigalitres in water savings that could be put back into growing the region’s agricultural production, he said.
The Coalition would also work with the industry to establish a commodity milk price index, to help ensure the domestic industry did not in future find itself in a situation where processors unexpectedly reduced farm gate milk prices late in the season.
“The index would introduce greater transparency and market signals in domestic and global milk prices. The Coalition will consult with the industry on the design of the index that would provide dairy farmers with valuable information for use in supply negotiations with processors and to assist in following international price trends,” Joyce said.
Fitzgibbon said he supported everything that was in the package but it was not enough. It fell well short of farmers' expectations and they would be “bitterly disappointed”.
He said the key issue was delivering a cash flow improvement but the package “does very little for cash flow” and so would be of little assistance.
Michelle Grattan is professorial fellow, University of Canberra and author for The Conversation. She can be contacted <a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/michelle-grattan-20316" target="_blank">here</a>.
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Dairy farmers get $555 million in concessional loans

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<img src="https://counter.theconversation.edu.au/content/60184/count.gif" alt="The Conversation" width="1" height="1">
GUEST OBSERVER
A fall in the farm gate price of milk and the pain felt by dairy farmers as a result, has many pointing the finger at supermarkets for discounting the price in the so-called “milk wars.” However the suggested solution of raising the price we pay for milk to pass on more profit to farmers is misguided.
Supermarkets have been driving down the cost of basic goods like milk since 2011. But the actual underlying culprit for the fall in prices has been the global glut of supply relative to demand driving down the world price, with only a partial offset from the decline in the Australian exchange rate.
Others have advocated for a return to the regulation of the 20th century with a domestic price set at a premium, or retailers selling branded milk at a premium and returning a share to dairy farmers. In reality, the likely income gain from increasing prices for domestic milk sales would be small.
Australia’s current industry policy is to let market forces set prices, investment and employment across different sectors and industries, rather than government “picking winners” and subsidising selected industries. Setting prices for the dairy industry, would be a return to the “bad old days” with a risk of a decrease in farm productivity.
<h2>Market Context</h2>
About 25% of farm milk production goes to fresh milk sales for domestic consumption. In turn, about a half goes to supermarkets where the store brands, sold for a dollar a litre, account for a bit over half of all supermarket sales. Some branded milk sells for nearly double the store brand milk.
If more people switched to buy a more expensive brand of milk, how many would it take to make enough returns to save dairy farmers? At the moment the maximum amount of milk sold for a dollar a litre would represent about 8% of current farm production.
The remaining 75% of farm milk is used to manufacture a range of products, including butter, cheese, skim milk powder and whole milk powder. Roughly half of the butter and cheese is exported, and 70% of the milk powder. Australia imports cheese as well as exports. The Australian dairy industry depends on the world market for much of its production.
Another aspect that determines the returns for dairy farmers is the world price for manufactured dairy products, adjusted for movements in the Australian exchange rate. If supermarkets raised the farm gate price of milk above that which other countries pay for milk products, processors would switch from manufacturing these products to processing milk instead.
By the same argument, if some retailers are paying farmers above the export parity price, competitors will bid milk away from exporters and undercut the high payers to drive prices back to export parity. That is, the export price provides both a floor and a ceiling to the price which supermarkets can negotiate.
Australian dairy product exports represent a small share of world trade of dairy products, and a very much smaller share of world production. While it would be an oversimplification to say Australia doesn’t have a stake in setting the global dairy price, a 10% or 20% increase in Australian exports would require a very small export price reduction.
<h2>A return to ‘the bad old days’</h2>
Set prices for dairy products, and other agricultural products, were phased out as a part of economic reform in the 1980s and 1990s for a more productive economy and the reasons for this remain valid today.
Setting a price for domestic sales, in this case milk, above the export price leads to a battle between different parties and lobby groups as to what price to set, it may also influence consumers' decisions as to what they buy and arguably some more than others. It could also shift more resources on farms into the dairy industry, chasing a higher price and away from other types of production (which are set by a global price) such as meat or horticulture.
For those dairy farm households facing poverty as a consequence of the slump in world prices, it is more direct and effective to provide direct household support than to artificially increase the product price for all dairy farmers.
John Freebairn is professor, Department of Economics, University of Melbourne and author for The Conversation. He can be contacted <a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/john-freebairn-90" target="_blank">here</a>.
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Higher supermarket prices for milk won’t necessarily help farmers

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Hambledon Park, the North Richmond dairy farm, has hit the market with expectations of $120 million to $140 million.
The 253 hectare property, some 70 kilometres north of Sydney near the Hawkesbury River, was originally purchased in 1972 by the Peel family.
It has operated as a major dairy supplier into Sydney.
The property, comprising open and improved pastures, also includes four working cottages.
There was approval for a small rural subdivision of eight lots no less than 10 hectares each, and more recently in 2008 the subdivision plan was increased to 25 lots.
Cushman &amp; Wakefield expect to see strong interest from developers, the tertiary education and agricultural industries.
"We expect that the most likely purchaser is an upmarket developer of residential subdivision, and we believe Hambledon Park is capable of competing with neighbouring successful housing estates such as; The Ponds, Elara, and The Hills Carmel," agent Anthony Bray said.
 “Properties such as Hambledon Park transact once in a century, and when the site changed hands in 1972, the fundamentals supported agriculture use.
"Today, evaluating comparable land holdings, approval for subdivisions, and future development upside pending approvals, suggests far greater potential land value.”
Bray is marketing the property with James Lincare.
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An estimated 50,000 new residents will move to The Hills over the next 20 years as a direct result of the North West Rail Link as the residential development market has experienced its strongest growth in years driven by availability of stock. 
The Hawkesbury Council aims to deliver 60,000 new dwellings by 2031. 
 
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jrobinson-rf4aSBido9

Hambledon Park, Sydney's $140 million dairy farm, for sale as housing site

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Hambledon Park, the North Richmond farm, has been sold for $60 million. The 253ha property, 70km north of Sydney, has been bought by Fairway Thoroughbreds businessman John Camilleri, the breeder of Winx.
His acquisition wasn’t equine driven nor for Camilleri’s Baiada Poultry enterprise, which controls the Steggles and Lilydale brands.
Instead it is a long-term residential subdivision opp­ortunity. There is approval for a small rural subdivision of 25 lots, which dates back to 2008. 
But the demand for smaller housing lots in the Hawkesbury municipality has rocketed over the subsequent dozen years.
“Hambledon Park will one day be a new suburb of Sydney,” Cushman &amp; Wakefield selling agent Anthony Bray said.
Any eventual residential development market will follow the nearby successful housing estates including The Ponds, Elara, and The Hills Carmel.
Hambledon Park, the North Richmond dairy farm, initially hit the market with expectations of $120 million to $140 million, but the lack of developer interest saw the price expectations dampened.
The Camilleri family’s Celestino Developments recently sold Stockland, the unbuilt two-thirds of its 293ha masterplanned site, The Gables at Box Hill with the listed developer paying $415 million over seven years.
Bray had expected to see stronger interest from developers, the tertiary education and agricultural industries for Hambledon Park, but the absence of Chinese buyers from the buying mix meant it sold for under its $120 million expectations of two years ago.
The property was a 1200-cow dairy farm at its peak after being purchased in 1974 by the Peel family who were a major dairy supplier into Sydney.
More recently it has been a feed lot, along with operating a breeding herd of about 300 black angus cows.
 
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Hambledon Park, North Richmond farm sold

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ANZ has today activated an assistance package for its Australian dairy farmers impacted by a mid-season milk price reduction.
ANZ General Manager Regional Business Banking Christine Linden said falling farm-gate dairy prices are putting significant stress on some dairy producers and while the macro fundamentals in the medium and longer-term of the industry remain strong, we know many of our customers are doing it tough at the moment.
“We’re encouraging our dairy customers to get in touch with us so we can provide support and work with them on the best possible solutions to meet their needs," she said.
“Every farm has a different cost structure and unique characteristics. We’re committed to working with each customer to respond to the current challenges so they can take advantage of the long-term benefits of the dairy industry.
As part of its assistance package, ANZ offers to:
Suspend repayments on loans, including credit cards, for up to three months (which may include interest capitalisation)
Waive fees associated with restructuring business loans considered necessary due to milk price impacts
Provide temporary adjustments to lending limits, including credit cards to assist with unexpected costs and reduced income
Provide early access to term deposits without incurring any fees for impacted customers
Provide access to hardship support services.
ANZ’s customers affected across Australia are encouraged to visit their local branch or contact their Agribusiness Manager to discuss the impact on their business or personal circumstances.
Customers can also contact ANZ’s dedicated financial hardship team on 1800 351 548.
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ANZ assists dairy farmers with milk price reduction package

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Farmers are holding onto dairy farms in the south west region of Victoria until a stronger situation in the dairy farm industry according to Herron Todd White's rural report for November.
HTW said although confidence has been shaken, there is presently an element of optimism for the future and dairy farmers are adapting to different management processes.
"In mid 2016 there was much well publicised negative press coverage in regard to the dairy farming industry, highlighted by Murray Goulburn’s sudden back dated drop in farm gate milk prices paid to farmers, with income to farmers less than cost of production (below break even point)," the report said.
"Added to this were higher than usual feed costs incurred by farmers due to the drier than usual seasonal conditions sustained since 2013.
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"Despite the mood in the dairy farm industry, there has not been a flood of farms on to the market from dairy farmers anxious to relinquish dairying and it is anticipated this will continue until farmers are in a stronger nancial situation. 
"There is now a significant focus on cost control with the business strategy being reviewed to reduce debt and rebuild equity rather than chasing profit margin. On farm adjustments are being made to downgrade off farm feed requirements, increase rate of culling of less productive stock and repairs and maintenance treated only on an essential need basis.
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"There is presently limited enquiry from the corporate and foreign sector for the purchase of dairy farms and the availability of suitable farms to consider is equally limited. Unless the farm satisifies an absolutely thorough due diligence and the prospect of longer term capital growth is encouraging, it will not be purchased. 
"The recent sale at auction (September 2016) of a 182 hectare, average dairy farm located just outside Timboon township which sold for $12,355 per hectare, purchased by a neighbour points to an approximate 10 percent to 15 percent drop in value from the peak of the market pre GFC. "
Property Observer found a dairy farm currently on the market in Timboon with approximately 165.00ha. 
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The property, <a href="https://www.realcommercial.com.au/property-commercial+farming-vic-timboon-501915754" target="_blank">115 Church and Trotters Road, Timboon</a>, has irrigation, a freestall barn with a capacity of approximately 1,000 cows, 50 unit rotary design dairy and modern, four bedroom residence completed in 2008.
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jonathanchancellor-7SQnKwU6yx

Victorian dairy farmers weathering rural market

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A commercial dairy farm and cafe in Victoria's South Gippsland region is on the market by expressions of interest through Shane McIntyre of Colliers International and Tom Gibson of Alex Scott &amp; Staff.
Caldermeade Farm &amp; Café, is a 450-cow, <a href="https://www.realcommercial.com.au/property-commercial+farming-vic-caldermeade-502140934" target="_blank">182.45-hectare (451-acre) commercial dairy</a> featuring a fully licensed café, 50-unit modern dairy with 50ha of centre-pivot irrigation and an abundance of secure irrigation water.
The farm has milked 350 and 400 cows at once and can produce between 7,500 and 8,000 litres per cow per annum. There are currently 365 Holstein cows milking.
Mr McIntyre said extensive frontage to the South Gippsland Highway was not only a significant asset to the tourism side of the property, it also made the property an attractive proposition for long-term land banking.
"More than 12,000 vehicles pass by the property every day on the way to Phillip Island, a destination attracting more than 3.5 million visitors annually," he said.
Two nearby properties have been secured on five and three-year leaseholds in the past nine months 
Expressions of interest close November 30.
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Caldermeade dairy farm and cafe enterprise hits the market

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The rural property market in south west Victoria and south east South Australia has now hit its straps according to analyst firm Herron Todd White who say the past 12 months has seen a significant increase in demand from both graziers and cropping operators following a good 2016 season.
According to HTW 2016 experienced high crop yields and good pasture growth across most areas which has resulted in a large number of transactions at increasing value levels.
"The continued, although lower stock prices have provided confidence for graziers and cropping operators to search for economies of scale but have the makings of a good season in 2017 as they sow their crops," HTW said.
"Supply of good quality property stock remains tight and many properties are changing hands prior to hitting the market.
"The short supply in most areas is resulting in rapidly increasing land values in some regions especially around areas such as the Wimmera and Lake Bolac. 
"Corporate activity continues following the 2016 sales of Banongil, Mount Fyans, Coonawarra Fresh Produce, Camperdown Dairies and Kaladbro Station to name a few.
"The above sales totalling more than $130 million in transactions which has not been seen since the boom of the timber industry through the early 2000s. We expect that this corporate activity will continue over the next 12 months.
"Cool climate wine grapes in the Coonawarra, Great Western and Pyrenees are starting to display resurgence with improving market confidence and a small number of transactions occurring including the sale of Rymill’s Winery in late 2016 to a Chinese investor.
"A steady increase in demand and pricing of cool climate vineyards is expected in the medium term.
"Dairy activity remains subdued following the 2016 milk price cuts and farmers have concentrated on cost cutting, although a sign of relief was experienced following Fonterra’s recent announcement of a forecast $6.00/kgMS farm gate milk price.
"This market is likely to remain subdued for the short term as market demand and supply fundamentals remain unchanged."
A 535 acre dairy farm in <a href="https://www.realestate.com.au/property-dairy-vic-simpson-7897426" target="_blank">Simpson, Victoria</a> (above), is on the market for $3.2 million. The property features 3 titles and 2 good quality 4 bedroom homes.
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