180 George is among Meriton&rsquo;s latest developments to be delivered in Sydney&rsquo;s western suburb of Parramatta.

From the elevated podium gardens and destination ground-level retail to the superbly appointed residences, 180 George&rsquo;s towering form announces the arrival of the most spectacular homes ever created on the city&rsquo;s prized river edge.

Urban has taken a deeper look at what 180 George can offer homebuyers.

1. Riverfront address

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Soaring to unprecedented heights, 180 George will set a new standard of riverfront living in Parramatta.

Rising 67 floors, the glass tower is set to become the tallest residential building in Parramatta after its completion in December 2021, offering panoramic views from almost every apartment.

552 landmark residences look out over Parramatta River to the Sydney CBD skyline and beyond, marking a new statement building in the epicentre of Western Sydney.

2. World-class development

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Delivered by Meriton, 180 George is a world-class development, offering five-star amenities that include a 1,000sqm supermarket, a 75-place childcare centre and an adjoining 58-level hotel tower.

Other facilities include 1,200sqm of podium gardens, a barbeque area, seating, a fully-equipped gymnasium and an indoor aquatic centre with a heated pool, spa and sauna.

3. Luxurious homes

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Investors and owner-occupiers will both enjoy the diverse selection of oversized apartments on offer at 180 George, each designed to capture the best of their riverside and CBD setting.

Designed by Woods Bagot, residences are characterised by contemporary design, luxury finishes and plentiful storage.

Dual-level and dual aspect apartments are available, many with large entertainer terraces, media rooms and study rooms with bedroom-sized proportions for those seeking versatile extra space.

Sleek kitchens, some taking in the tower&rsquo;s signature views, are created around easy entertaining and modern family life, with premium quality European appliances, integrated dishwasher and VENINI microwave.

4. Sydney&rsquo;s second CBD

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&ldquo;Parramatta is rapidly transforming into a buzzing metropolitan hub with over 175,000 working professionals making it Sydney&rsquo;s second CBD&rdquo;, the project marketing reads.

180 George is conveniently located at the centre of it all, just a small walk from the $2 billion Parramatta Square redevelopment which will boast the country&rsquo;s largest office tower. It will house major tenants such as National Australia Bank and the NSW Government.

The key economic and cultural hub includes great community offerings, including the first vertical high school rising 16 storeys and the mixed-use Parramatta Square precinct.

5. Well-connected and well-serviced

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Meriton&rsquo;s latest Parramatta tower enjoys convenient access to some of Australia&rsquo;s best educational and medical facilities.

Among these include the Western Sydney University Parramatta campus, the University of New England, Tara Anglican School for Girls and The King&#39;s School.

A short drive to the Westmead precinct unlocks one of the largest health, education, research and training precincts in Australia including four major hospitals, three medical research institutes and the largest research-intensive pathology service in the state.

Parramatta boasts a range of transport offerings, including the free shuttle bus service, the upgraded Parramatta Ferry Wharf, a future Light Rail stop, Parramatta Station the new multi-billion dollar transport networks including WestConnex and the new Metro West.

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Urban has taken a deeper look at what 180 George can offer homebuyers

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Five things we love about Meriton’s latest residential tower in Parramatta, 180 George

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GUEST OBSERVER
<div class="WordSection1">
The residential population of the City of Perth needs to double if the Perth CBD is to reduce current record levels of commercial office vacancy, and provide workers in the CBD which are the mainstay of the CBD retail sector and eateries.
Of the 200,000 people that work in Perth CBD, less than 20,000 live within the boundaries of the City of Perth.
The exodus of people leaving the CBD at the end of each working day, creates traffic chaos on the freeways and leaves the CBD lacking the night time economy that makes other major cities.
 The City of Perth currently has plans to promote Perth CBD as a vibrant residential area, but much more is needed to be done.
The recent new stock of apartments and medium to high-density housing is limited to opposite ends of the CBD and there has not been enough new supply to make Perth’s residential population anywhere near its target.
We need more, better quality and affordable housing options spread around the Perth CBD to create new precincts that attract people and new businesses into the CBD.
WA Labor’s plans for a second high school in the CBD will require well designed and affordable housing options for families as well as those looking for inner city living.
However, if Perth is going to compete with the suburbs and provide an appropriate mix of housing options in the CBD, the WA Labor government must prioritise key reforms including:
<ul>
<li>Introduce stamp duty concessions for off-the-plan apartments similar to a traditional house and land package;</li>
<li>Fast track the Strata Title reforms to enable community titles and improve strata management;</li>
<li>Full private certification of building permits;</li>
<li>Legislate to allow local authorities like the City of Perth to bring building owners, tenants and financiers together to agree to loan terms to enable finance arrangements to upgrade old and vacant CBD buildings.</li>
</ul>
These reforms are now urgent if we are to create the right commercial, retail and residential offerings to encourage people to move into the CBD.
 
Lino Iacomella is a WA Executive Director at Property Council of Australia and can be contacted <a href="https://www.propertycouncil.com.au" target="_blank">here</a>.
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Perth CBD must double number of residents: Lino Iacomella

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<img src="https://counter.theconversation.edu.au/content/57114/count.gif" alt="The Conversation" width="1" height="1">
GUEST OBSERVER
Back in the 1960s, the influential urban planner and journalist Jane Jacobs put American cities under the microscope. Jacobs was aiming to explain, and suggest ways of remedying, the hollowing out, or “doughnut effect”, which left previously well-functioning city centres rundown and devoid of new blood.
The effect was less dramatic in Australian cities, which had few, if any, residential populations in their central business districts until comparatively recently. And many of the innermost suburbs that surrounded the CBDs were industrialised and yet to feel the decline of manufacturing.
Of course, today the situation is completely reversed across Western cities. The emergence of the service economy and explosive growth of professional classes are promoting gentrification and squillion-dollar property values.
Jacobs’ conditions for a vibrant city life were that districts must serve at least two functions to attract persons of different purposes around the clock. Further, blocks must be small, with many opportunities for pedestrians to interact and a diverse range of buildings. Finally, there needed to be reasonable density. The idea was that “vitality” had a lot to do with chance encounters.
<h2>Digital entanglement</h2>
Jacobs’ encounters have now been supplemented if not entirely supplanted by social media. Enter some Italian researchers who hit upon the idea of mining “big data”. In this case, they used mobile phone calls cross-referenced to satellite-derived records such as Open Street Map to gauge where precisely this feverish activity was happening across six of Italy’s large cities. (In corroboration of Jacobs’ thesis, the best places were found to be “day end points” with concentrations of office workers at large, as well as small streets and blocks with historic buildings.)
There’s a sense that this “interconnectivity” is becoming a signal of city vitality/vibrancy. The two elements are becoming entangled like subatomic particles.
Moreover, it’s a natural fit with the vogue for blending IT with strategic planning. The new ministerial portfolio, cities and digital transformation, exemplifies this.
<h2>Smart city buzz</h2>
You don’t have to venture far into urban policy space before coming across the idea of the “smart city”. There’s a near-continuous run of conferences on the topic and even a Turnbull government plan. The plan features, among other measures, a blend of big-data thinking, with “better benchmarking of city performance”, and the prescriptions set out in Edward Glaeser’s 2013 book, Triumph of the City.
Glaeser views cities as places where human ingenuity can flourish and skills are developed and refined – a combination driving economic and technological advance. He believes increased densification, including a “vertical city” with yet higher stacks of buildings, is integral to achieving these objectives.
Glaeser, however, illustrates complexities in this debate. Jacobs opposed the view that high-rise cities create beneficial interactions. And concern is growing that increased reliance on digital communication will radically reduce urban human interaction.
<h2>Reckoning with a cantankerous planet</h2>
Smart cities need to be “resilient” if they’re to counter, for example, Paul Gilding’s “great disruption”. This includes life-threatening heat, desiccation and killer peri-urban fires. High-rise cities may prove to be the least adaptable human constructions in an era of fundamental change and add considerably to the urban heat island effect.
Should an economic perspective – like this, for instance – remain the main if not the sole focus for cities? This in a year when atmospheric carbon reached an irreversible 400ppm; the Great Barrier Reef’s coral is bleaching; wildfires have destroyed towns and cities in Canada; India has recorded its hottest day on record 51°C;  Paris has been heavily flooded; and sea-level rise threatens to inundate Silicon Valley, the spiritual home of start-ups – not to mention our home-grown variety of storm surge, erosion and flooding.
Is there something we’re missing? In the rhetoric surrounding smart cities it’s difficult to unearth specific reference to the natural world and its current plight. And when there is, it’s often a few throwaway lines about the value of green space in protecting biological diversity and threatened species.
Contrast this with the growing awareness of the benefits to our psyche of exposure to the natural world (even acting as a boost to productivity in the workplace).
Set these observations against the revelation that today’s children – the inheritors of the smart city – are spending less time outdoors than prisoners. This has occurred in a generation for whom the environment is unlikely to be mainstream given that their reality is ultimately what appears on a screen. Digital connectivity in low-amenity vertical communities is likely to prove a poor substitute for the kind of city Jacobs advocated.
Reconnecting kids and others requires rejigging our perspective, as well as starting to look out for vestiges of wildlife that has sought refuge in our cities. And providing for local food production is as big as big data itself, but that’s something for another day.
Peter Fisher is adjunct professor, Global, Urban and Social Studies, RMIT University and author for The Conversation. He can be contacted <a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/peter-fisher-20629" target="_blank">here</a>.
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Taking the city’s pulse: we need to link urban vitality back to the planet

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GUEST OBSERVER
The high vacancy rate for older commercial buildings in Perth is a concern for the broader community and the Property Council of Australia is calling on the major parties contesting the state election to take a bigger interest in policy solutions to problem.
The Perth CBD has the highest vacancy rate in the country at 22.5 percent and much of the vacancy is in older buildings known as ‘B grade’ stock, which makes up almost a third of the total stock of commercial offices in the CBD. 
The vacancy rate for B grade buildings is over 30 percent.
The risk in Perth is that commercial tenants will continue to gravitate to the newer higher grade office towers leaving the older buildings vacant, creating ‘dark zones’ in the CBD.
A two-tier office market is emerging in the CBD, including prime and A grade buildings in stronger demand by tenants and older buildings. 
We are already seeing vacancy rates in prime buildings decline however vacancies in older buildings may not have peaked yet.
In a bid to tackle, the rising Perth vacancy rates, the Property Council is calling on the major parties contesting the State election in March to commit to working alongside industry and the City of Perth to enable building upgrade agreements in the CBD.
Building upgrade finance is a voluntary mechanism to assist building owners to upgrade commercial buildings to improve, water, energy, and environmental efficiency by retrofitting existing commercial buildings.
Under the Building Upgrade Finance mechanism, a local council can voluntarily enter into a building upgrade agreement with a building owner and a financier.
Under a building upgrade agreement the building owner agrees to undertake upgrade works in respect of their building. The financier agrees to advance money to the building owner for funding the upgrade works, and the council agrees to levy a building upgrade charge against the land on which the building is situated. 
The initiative has been successfully adopted in Victoria, NSW and SA. However, it will require a change of the Local Government Act to enable building upgrade agreements to commence in WA.
Building Upgrade Agreements are a simple and effective mechanism to overcome the high office vacancy rate in the CBD and prevent the spread of dark zones
Lino Iacomella is executive directory, Property Council WA, and can be contacted <a href="https://www.propertycouncil.com.au/Web/About_Us/Contact_us/WA/Web/About_us/ContactUs/WA.aspx?hkey=4fc8901b-1527-43f8-88ed-c466ebcc6220" target="_blank">here</a>.
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Policy solutions needed to counter CBD dark zones

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<h4> </h4>
GUEST OBSERVER
The federal environment and acting cities minister, Greg Hunt, on Tuesday pledged to increase the number of trees in Australian cities. In a bid to fight higher urban temperatures, the plan will set targets for tree cover.
This is part of a green revolution spreading through the world’s cities. From New York to Singapore, urban areas are undertaking bold “greenspace” initiatives – removing concrete and allowing trees and vegetation back in.
Some of the benefits include replacing the ugly infrastructural trappings of vehicles and motorways as well as cooling cities, absorbing air pollution and minimising runoff. These greenings further have mental health benefits, by bringing residents and visitors alike back into contact with the land.
But what about wildlife? Trees alone aren’t enough to bring back nature. In the rush to create greenspace, we have to make sure we build it in a way to help wildlife thrive. That will take careful thought and planning.
<h2>Nature paved over</h2>
Many of the world’s cities don’t have anything special to offer in terms of nature – either because they never had all that much in the first place, or they’ve long since been lost to urban development.
Melbourne is a case of the latter. James Boyce (in his book 1835) records:
By the time Anthony Trollope visited, then a city of 206,000 “souls” in the early 1870s, the city had already largely turned its back on the Yarra [River], drained the swamps, filled in the lakes and flattened the hills, so that Trollope knew “of no great town in the neighbourhood of which there is less to see in the way of landscape beauty”.
That sounds like many a world city.
London, New York, Hamburg, Madrid, Detroit, Chicago, Seoul and Singapore are among cities that have undertaken bold greenspace initiatives. These cities have recognised the distinct benefits that flow from connecting people back to the natural world.
Detroit and Singapore have strong biodiversity themes and that’s needed too given the global decline in wildlife. Such initiatives help us to view cities from a non-human-centric perspective.
<h2>i-Tree world</h2>
Back in Australia “green infrastructure” has similarly taken hold with councils, property owners and private companies signing up to a national 202020 vision to create 20% more greenspace by 2020. The main underpinning of that “greenspace” is the “urban forest".
While urban forest has a broad definition, cities usually take it to mean tree cover. This has been revolutionised and driven by satellite mapping (known as i-Tree) from the US Department of Agriculture.
This mapping has recently been used to shed light on the performance of Australia’s municipalities. Ranking them according to their percentage of tree cover, parts of Melbourne and Sydney scored badly, with many suburbs having less than 20% tree cover overall. Brisbane scored well, with most areas having more than 50% tree cover.
As cities attempt to increase canopies, it’s worth noting that these trees will have to deal with increasing extreme weather as the world warms.
<h2>Rewilding the city</h2>
However, trees on their own won’t bring wildlife back into our cities. In fact, canopies tend to create spaces for dominant native birds such as the Noisy Miner and Red Wattlebird, which by their behaviour exclude smaller birds.
Birdlife Australia suggests that a dense understory of shrubs up to two metres high is required for small ground birds like thornbills, robins, scrubwrens and fairy-wrens to roost in and make brief forays into grassed areas. Thickets also provide protection from eagles and hawks and other predators.
The Victorian naturalist Alan Reid suggested:
a mixture of fine-leaf and broad-leaf plants with a high percentage of native species, especially at intermediate and ground levels, will provide the greatest opportunities for attracting and holding wildlife.
Private gardens have inadvertently edged towards this prescription, along the way forming “nuclei” for wildlife. To create these on public land, areas will need to be set aside in parklands and other community spaces where small birds and small animals can congregate, breed and flourish.
This may require fencing to counter fox and cat predation, and possibly incorporate bird hides, interpretative apps and surveillance to ensure personal security. We need to give attention to the subtle connections between species.
Wildlife corridors are another construct – in effect they’re flyways for larger birds. Some of these already take advantage of the routes provided by revegetated creek and river banks.
Reid suggests that “corridors as narrow as 5 metres will allow passage of lorikeets and wattlebirds even when gaps exceed 30 metres”.
But if the gaps in 20-metre-wide corridors grow to more than 30 metres they will block many upper-level feeders including butterflies, pygmy possums and marsupial mice.
As the take-up of greening in places like New York, Hamburg and Seoul shows, it’s becoming mainstream in city halls around the world. And we now know that it helps settle the brains of those otherwise enmeshed in asphalt, glass and concrete.
There are some encouraging signs that developers “get it”: witness Singapore building an entire forest in a high-rise apartment atrium. A connection-to-nature element also forms part of the revamped Green Building Council of Australia’s Innovation Challenge Program. Let’s hope it won’t be long before that awareness spills over into popular planning thought.
As the world continues to change under human pressure, we need to make sure our cities can be homes for wildlife too.
Peter Fisher is adjunct professor, Global, Urban and Social Studies, RMIT University and author for The Conversation. He can be contacted <a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/peter-fisher-20629" target="_blank">here</a>.
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Bringing wildlife back to our cities

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Savills have sold a Melbourne CBD development site with a permit for a twin tower project incorporating 400 apartments.
It was likely to fetch more than $20 million, but secured $35 million.
Major UK student accommodation developer, Scape paid a record CBD land rate of $37,154 a square metre for a major CBD development site. The 212-222 La Trobe Street property, comprising a large 942 square metre site zoned Capital City 1 with five street frontages, is located directly opposite Melbourne Central shopping centre. The recently approved permit would see the construction of connecting Jackson Clements Burrows-designed towers of 39 and 54 levels on the site which stretches through to a second frontage on Little La Trobe Street. According to Savills agent Nick Peden and Clinton Baxter, the property offered the single best redevelopment opportunity to be offered to the Melbourne market this year.
The property, which has been privately owned for 31 years.
Expressions of interest closed June 10.
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Savills secures snappy $35 million La Trobe Street, Melbourne site sale

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GUEST OBSERVER
Traditionally, parents of Melbourne have settled their clan in the eastern suburbs, close to many of the city’s best schools and facilities. But as prices across Melbourne soar, especially in the inner east, affordability is a big issue for young families. 
We’re seeing a number of young couples come to the inner north where a family home in the likes of Brunswick, North Melbourne or Preston comes at a modest price point of $700,000 to $800,000. Plus, families are close to the CBD and employment opportunities, as well as the lifestyle amenities abundant in the north, including restaurants, parks, cafes and cultural activities.
However, the trade-off for this buyer market is the limited schooling options. The number of secondary facilities in the inner north are few and far between. While mums and dads typically prefer to live close to schools and travel to the city to work, we’re now seeing the opposite where parents are within minutes to the CBD but are having their children commute to schools in the eastern suburbs.
This has meant that the demographic of buyers in the inner north has shifted. This season, we’ve witnessed a magnitude of families on the hunt for a home for the next 15 to 20 years. As such, family homes or large townhouses like <a href="https://mail.privatemedia.com.au/owa/redir.aspx?SURL=hDqEtOi4rl-_B88xFYBr3T3NjKoWiIrUWJ2e0lT7zwfpotDdeHDSCGgAdAB0AHAAOgAvAC8AdwB3AHcALgBoAG8AYwBrAGkAbgBnAHMAdAB1AGEAcgB0AC4AYwBvAG0ALgBhAHUALwAxADkAXwBGAE8AUgBEAF8AUwBUAFIARQBFAFQAXwBCAFIAVQBOAFMAVwBJAEMASwBfAFYASQBDAF8AMwAwADUANgBfAFMATwBMAEQA&amp;URL=http%3a%2f%2fwww.hockingstuart.com.au%2f19_FORD_STREET_BRUNSWICK_VIC_3056_SOLD" target="_blank">19 Ford St in Brunswick</a> are being snapped up at auction.
As families start to see the merits of the north, the local market has spurred along - especially when compared to the end of last year.
The difference between then and now has no doubt been interest rate cuts, which have stimulated a tremendous amount of confidence in the market and created the best market conditions we’ve seen for years.
Clearance rates are strong, sitting at over 75% (although the likes of Fitzroy, Carlton and Fairfield have been above 85%) and annual growth figures show properties in Melbourne’s inner north have grown by an average of 5.5%.
The influx of new buyers and rate cuts have also helped boost the apartment market, which is performing terrifically. Step back to 2014, the apartment market had moderate growth, but wasn’t performing as we’d hope. Come February this year, the reduction in the cash rate clearly spurred on more first home buyers – particularly young couples who are expecting a child – to dip their toes in the market. We’ve seen a rush of this cohort looking for inner north apartments which are not only affordable, but located in the heart of the action for youngsters. 
Looking forward, there’s predictions interest rates will remain low. However, whether these changes will continue to drive up demand for property is uncertain. Taking into consideration other factors at play in the economy – such as high unemployment rates and job cuts across various sectors in Victoria – it’s hard to forecast what the market will do in six months’ time.
For the next three months at least, a perfect storm has brewed for buyers and sellers alike. There’s a great selection of stock, strong appreciation, low borrowing conditions and ultimately great outcomes for vendors in Melbourne’s inner north. And it’s no doubt becoming an area for young families to call home.
ROB ELSOM is director of <a href="https://www.hockingstuart.com.au/" target="_blank">hockingstuart </a>Brunswick, Carlton, North Melbourne and Northcote.
 
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Families flock to Melbourne’s northern suburbs: hockingstuarts Rob Elsom

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GUEST OBSERVER
The federal government’s rekindled enthusiasm for public transport has sent state and local governments across the country scurrying back to their light rail plans – even those that many of us thought would never see the light of day.
It now looks as if the two-year effective moratorium on rail spending under Tony Abbott will be just a relatively brief hiatus. Besides the Gold Coast and Perth, the light rail revival could also involve Newcastle, Parramatta, Bendigo, Canberra, Cairns, Darwin and Hobart.
All have drawn up plans that they hope could emulate the success of light rail in European and American cities (not to mention Melbourne, home of the world’s largest tram system) as a focal point for urban development.
The main reason that so many Australian cities have been trying to copy this model is that it works. Europe has been using light rail as a major tool of urban regeneration, especially in France where many smaller towns have been very successful. In the United States between 1993 and 2011, public transport use grew by 23% (and light rail by 190%), while car use growth peaked.
The key reason for this seems to be the extra speed and capacity created when light (or heavy) rail goes around, under or over traffic that has been getting slower and slower in every major city (see the table below). Meanwhile, urban regeneration around light rail corridors allows people to end their automobile dependence, helping cities grow inwards faster than outwards.
<a href="/images/2015/10/07/Screen%20Shot%202015-10-08%20at%208.16.18%20AM.png" target="_blank">Click to enlarge</a>
<img src="/images/2015/10/07/Screen%20Shot%202015-10-08%20at%208.16.18%20AM.png" alt="" width="724" height="576">
Tony Abbott forced the genie back into the bottle by following through on his 2013 pre-election decision to drop all federal rail funding. The move showed scant regard for how modern cities attract talented people to live and work in the knowledge economy jobs that are so necessary for innovation.
Around the world, cities compete on walkability and public transport, because these things make it less likely that young, creative workers will leave for London, Paris or New York. A <a href="https://www.smartgrowthamerica.org/documents/walkup-wake-up-call-boston.pdf">r</a>ecent report from Smart Growth America found that in Boston, 70% of young people working in the knowledge economy live in highly walkable areas. Their jobs typically require them to come together with lots of different people in an urban situation, and they don’t have time for long commutes.
So the knowledge economy needs spatial efficiency. Public transport, cycling and walking are spatially efficient; freeways, traffic jams and urban sprawl are not.
<h2>Enough to go around?</h2>
This is precisely the phenomenon on which Turnbull has picked up, by stressing innovation and freeing up infrastructure funding for light rail projects. The genie is out again, but obviously there will not be enough money to make every city’s transport wishes come true. So how can we proceed? 
Cities now need to make a strong case for their light rail projects, based on the benefits of urban regeneration as well saving commuters time. The best way to do this is to attract private funding as well as taxpayers' money, by bringing private investors on board with the financing, who then earn a return on the increased land values generated by rail development. This is called “land value capture” and still has not been done in Australia, although it’s common in the United States and Asia.
In fact, one could argue that the federal government should only release Commonwealth funding if these funds are multiplied many times over by the private sector. So cities could begin by calling for expressions of interest from private companies to design, build, finance, own and operate the light rail link and, crucially, make sure this includes land-development options (rather than letting in outside developers to gain windfall profits instead of directing the money into paying for the light rail).
Government would need to contribute a base grant and an operational fund that could be more specifically focused along the areas where the biggest benefits are felt in the corridor itself, where land values will go up most. Private expertise will ensure that the best sites are chosen for the light rail route.
These land-value increases will flow through taxes into treasury and can be set aside in a dedicated light rail fund for ongoing operations or for raising further finance. This way, with a bit of economic magic, the light rail genie could grant more cities their wishes.
Peter Newman is professor of sustainability, Curtin University, and author for The Conversation. He can be contacted <a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/peter-newman-1858" target="_blank">here</a>.
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The light rail genie is out of the bottle, but how many cities will get their wish?

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EXPERT OBSERVER
In my <a href="https://theconversation.com/re-imagining-sydney-with-3-cbds-how-far-off-is-a-parramatta-cbd-102197">article</a> yesterday showing how far Greater Parramatta is from hosting one of <a href="https://www.greater.sydney/metropolis-of-three-cities">three metropolitan CBDs proposed</a> by the Greater Sydney Commission, the verdict was clear:
The Sydney metropolis has a very long and bumpy way to go before we can re-imagine it with more than one CBD. Visionary and bold decision-making, supported by significant investment, is required for the Central City to transition to a metropolitan centre.
Today, I introduce a bold proposal to build a Central CBD for metropolitan Sydney, as a real complement to the City of Sydney CBD to the east.
<a href="https://images.theconversation.com/files/240968/original/file-20181017-17668-17wqj4q.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=1000&amp;fit=clip"><img src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/240968/original/file-20181017-17668-17wqj4q.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip" alt=""></a> Figure 2: An overview of Central City 2048. Image: Jamie van Geldermalsen, Mile Ilija Barbaric, Rao Umair Afzaal, Kun Fan, Author provided
Central City 2048 is a 30-year strategic plan, which builds on the Greater Sydney Commission’s <a href="https://www.greater.sydney/metropolis-of-three-cities">Greater Sydney Region Plan</a>. Central City 2048 presents a vision for a dynamic, connected and sustainable CBD at the heart of the Greater Sydney metropolitan region.
Employment, transport and housing targets to be achieved by Central City 2048 are listed in Table 1.
<a href="https://images.theconversation.com/files/240970/original/file-20181017-17686-1it5pst.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=1000&amp;fit=clip"><img src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/240970/original/file-20181017-17686-1it5pst.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip" alt=""></a>
<h2>Economy</h2>
<a href="https://images.theconversation.com/files/240971/original/file-20181017-17671-12ph3dt.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=1000&amp;fit=clip"><img src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/240971/original/file-20181017-17671-12ph3dt.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip" alt=""></a> Figure 3. Key economic actions – Central City 2048. Image: Jamie van Geldermalsen, Mile Ilija Barbaric, Rao Umair Afzaal, Kun Fan, Author provided
Central City’s economy is supported by two pillars: Parramatta CBD and the Westmead health and education precinct. There is a key strategic challenge to attract finance, tech, education and creative industries, while supporting existing health and government sectors. Essential to economic growth is the provision of dedicated commercial and retail floor space, and regional access to it.
<a href="https://images.theconversation.com/files/240972/original/file-20181017-17692-tb2iz3.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=1000&amp;fit=clip"><img src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/240972/original/file-20181017-17692-tb2iz3.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip" alt=""></a>
<h2>Connectivity</h2>
<a href="https://images.theconversation.com/files/240973/original/file-20181017-17674-184qprn.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=1000&amp;fit=clip"><img src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/240973/original/file-20181017-17674-184qprn.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip" alt=""></a> Figure 4. Key connectivity actions – Central City 2048. Image: Jamie van Geldermalsen, Mile Ilija Barbaric, Rao Umair Afzaal, Kun Fan, Author provided
Currently, commuter travel time to Central City from most strategic centres exceeds 30 minutes during morning and afternoon peak periods. By 2056, the number of trips to Central City is predicted to triple during these periods.
Without more investment in public transport, <a href="https://www.cityofparramatta.nsw.gov.au/sites/council/files/inline-files/pdf%2019%20-%20Parramatta%20CBD%20Strategic%20Transport%20Study.pdf" target="_blank">forecasts suggest the travel-to-work mode split will remain the same, increasing Central City’s congestion problems</a>. Regional mass-transit connections and reliable local transport options are a priority for Central City’s future.
<a href="https://images.theconversation.com/files/240974/original/file-20181017-17668-1flq7wu.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=1000&amp;fit=clip"><img src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/240974/original/file-20181017-17668-1flq7wu.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip" alt=""></a> Figure 5. Central City 2048 regional connectivity map. Image: Jamie van Geldermalsen, Mile Ilija Barbaric, Rao Umair Afzaal, Kun Fan, Author provided
In terms of digital connectivity, existing infrastructure is limited to copper wire infrastructure. Only small pockets are connected to the National Broadband Network. A more reliable network with increased capacity is essential for Sydney’s next metropolitan centre.
<a href="https://images.theconversation.com/files/240975/original/file-20181017-17677-g40y8j.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=1000&amp;fit=clip"><img src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/240975/original/file-20181017-17677-g40y8j.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip" alt=""></a>
<h2>Liveability</h2>
<a href="https://images.theconversation.com/files/240976/original/file-20181017-17686-p9vc43.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=1000&amp;fit=clip"><img src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/240976/original/file-20181017-17686-p9vc43.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip" alt=""></a> Figure 6. Key liveability actions – Central City 2048. Image: Jamie van Geldermalsen, Mile Ilija Barbaric, Rao Umair Afzaal, Kun Fan, Author provided
At 41.5 people per hectare, Central City’s residential density is much lower than the Harbour City’s 64.8 people/hectare. Highly liveable cities such as Vancouver and Copenhagen, with residential densities of 167.64 persons/hectare and 61.8 persons/hectare respectively, suggest high-density cities can be liveable too.
To support increased densities, Central City 2048 proposes increased employment opportunities and investment in transport, social and cultural infrastructure. It capitalises on Central City’s cultural diversity, heritage and landscape to create a vibrant and liveable city. Affordable housing targets of 30% are proposed to ensure Central City is an equitable city.
<a href="https://images.theconversation.com/files/240977/original/file-20181017-17671-1vtzi6p.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=1000&amp;fit=clip"><img src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/240977/original/file-20181017-17671-1vtzi6p.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip" alt=""></a>
<h2>Invest in city shaping</h2>
Central City 2048 proposes one new rail line, three metro lines, just under 300,000 additional jobs, and a 30% affordable housing target for all new dwellings. This looks ambitious, if not shocking, to many. But it portrays a compelling image of what it takes to build a metropolitan CBD at the geographical heart of the Greater Sydney Region. This is what city-shaping, and indeed nation-building, looks like.
The decision is now ours: are we willing to invest what it takes to make it happen?
This article is inspired by the work of the students enrolled in the <a href="https://sydney.edu.au/courses/units-of-study/2018/arch/arch9093" target="_blank">Integrated Urbanism Studio</a> for the Master of Urbanism at the University of Sydney. I specifically would like to acknowledge the significant contributions made by Jamie van Geldermalsen, Mile Ilija Barbaric, Rao Umair Afzaal and Kun Fan.<img src="https://counter.theconversation.com/content/102198/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-basic" alt="The Conversation" width="1" height="1" style="border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; margin: 0 !important; max-height: 1px !important; max-width: 1px !important; min-height: 1px !important; min-width: 1px !important; opacity: 0 !important; outline: none !important; padding: 0 !important; text-shadow: none !important;">
<a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/tooran-alizadeh-377838" target="_blank">Tooran Alizadeh</a>, Senior Lecturer, Director of Urban Design, <a href="http://theconversation.com/institutions/university-of-sydney-841">University of Sydney</a>
This article is republished from <a href="http://theconversation.com" target="_blank">The Conversation</a> under a Creative Commons license. Read the <a href="https://theconversation.com/reimagining-sydney-this-is-what-needs-to-be-done-to-make-a-central-city-cbd-work-102198" target="_blank">original article</a>.
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jrobinson-rf4aSBido9

What needs to be done to make a central city CBD work?

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Credit Corp Group, an Australian listed company, has committed to a new lease of circa 3,000 square metres at 201 Kent Street, Sydney.
Savills Australia national leasing director Rob Dickins says the deal highlights the Barangaroo effect which has firmly taken hold as corporate users are seeing this now as a firmly established precinct.
"If not moving into Barangaroo they are setting their sights on premium buildings within very close proximity."
201 Kent Street, which forms part of the Maritime Trade Towers Complex, is a 40,000 square metre A-Grade building strategically located within the western CBD fringe bordering the new Barangaroo precinct.
According to Savills National Leasing Director Rob Dickins who brokered the deal, Credit Corp Group have taken the whole of levels 15 &amp; 24 of 201 Kent Street. 
Credit Corp Group’s current HQ are over four floors at 10 Barrack Street and this new move will amalgamate the Group over two whole floors with a brand new fit out.
The 3000 square metre lease was signed for an initial period of five years with a further five year option. Although the rent has not been disclosed rents in 201 Kent Street have been in the order of $675 per square metre net.  
Mr Dickins said that demand for office space at 201 Kent Street had been significant. 
“As at November of last year there was circa 7,000 square metres of vacant space at 201 Kent Street and within less than six months we have leased all available space.”
In three separate leasing deals in May, Savills leased approximately 2,300 square metres of space at 201 Kent Street, tenants included an education provider, a childcare facilities group and a property consulting group.
“The Barangaroo effect has firmly taken hold as corporate users are seeing this as a firmly established precinct and, if not moving into Barangaroo, are setting their sights on premium buildings within very close proximity,” added Mr Dickins.
201 Kent Street, which forms part of the Maritime Trade Towers Complex, is a 40,000sqm A-Grade building jointly owned by Investa Property Group.  It is strategically located within the CBD and the new Barangaroo precinct.
Rob Dickins advised Credit Corp Group have taken the whole of levels 15 &amp; 24 of 201 Kent Street. 
"Credit Corp Group’s current HQ are over four floors at 10 Barrack Street and this new move will amalgamate the Group over two whole floors with a brand new fit out.
The 3000 square metre lease was signed for an initial period of five years with a further five year option.
Although the rent has not been disclosed rents in 201 Kent Street have been in the order of $675 per square metre net.  
Mr Dickins said that demand for office space at 201 Kent Street had been significant. 
“As at November of last year there was circa 7,000 square metres of vacant space at 201 Kent Street and within less than six months we have leased all available space.”
In three separate leasing deals in May, Savills leased approximately 2,300 square metres of space at 201 Kent Street, tenants included an education provider, a childcare facilities group and a property consulting group.
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