Parkland

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A new 50-year vision for Greater Sydney’s network of parklands and green open spaces has been launched by the NSW Government, heralded by an initial $10 million investment to revitalise one of the city’s forgotten harbour-side parks.
Planning and Public Spaces minister Rob Stokes said <a href="https://www.planning.nsw.gov.au/-/media/Files/DPE/Strategy-documents/50-Year-Open-Space-and-Parklands-Vision-2020-07.pdf?la=en" target="_blank">the draft</a> vision, which is now open for public comment, puts NSW on a path to the first-ever metropolitan-wide plan for the city’s open spaces and parklands.
“Our city’s parks are one of our greatest assets and belong to all of us; it’s time for a clear, single vision to protect, manage, enhance and expand them for generations to come,” Mr Stokes said.
“The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted how we need to change the way we look at our public spaces – not as parks in a city but rather as Sydney as a city within a park.”
The Vision will be championed by a new Greater Sydney Parklands (GSP) government agency that brings together the Centennial Park and Moore Park Trust, Parramatta Park Trust, and Western Sydney Parklands Trusts, as well as the parklands of Callan Park and Fernhill Estate. 
Michael Rose, Chairman of the Committee for Sydney, has been appointed the chair of GSP board.
“In the past, the individual parkland trusts have had a sole focus on the land within their boundaries. Now we have a once-in-a-generation opportunity to look beyond those boundaries to plan for our parklands and open spaces over the next 50 years as a connected and vital network that forms the backbone of our city,” Mr Stokes said.
“This new city-wide agency will work in partnership with communities and local councils across Greater Sydney to champion the new Vision and ensure we’re working holistically to expand and improve our open spaces and parklands.”
Combined, the agency will oversee more than 6,000 hectares of parklands across Sydney, which host almost 40 million visits each year.
Callan Park in Sydney’s inner west is the first park to be identified through the GSP
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for urgent restorative work, with $10 million in funding allocated to enhance the connection with the waterfront and Bay Run. A new Landscape Structure Plan has been released for public comment, which will inform how the funding is spent.
“This investment in Callan Park is just the start and demonstrates our committment to revitalising and growing our city’s great public open spaces, starting with one of its great forgotten jewels,” Mr Stokes said.
The draft 50-year vision for Greater Sydney’s Open Space and Parklands will be open for consultation until September 11, 2020.
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j.ballantyne1990-6AQqhLzZaK

Callan Park first in 50-year vision for Sydney's open space and parklands renewal

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The Future Melbourne Committee has unanimously endorsed plans for the first new urban park in the Hoddle Grid since City Square was developed in 1980.
The Market Street public park is adjacent to Cbus Property and ISPT’s <a href="https://www.urban.com.au/expert-insights/investing/63545-collins-arch-melbourne-signs-up-third-law-firm-office-tenants" target="_blank">Collins Arch development at 447 Collins Street</a> in the CBD’s western grid.
The new park will introduce 1,900 square metres of open space.
Collins Arch is set for completion late next year.
The Market Street park in 2020.
The City of Melbourne will decide on a name for the park at a future date.
Cbus Property is developing the park which will then be handed back to City of Melbourne for public use and management.
<img src="https://res.cloudinary.com/dz9xllyip/image/fetch/c_scale,w_580,q_auto:good/https://s3-ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/po.images/2018/9/19/Hoddle%202.jpg" alt="">
The new park will be connected to a further 1,750 square metres of publicly accessible and occupiable space within the Collins Arch development via a large amphitheater.
The total open space added to the block will be nearly 30 percent larger than the previous forecourt of <a href="https://www.urban.com.au/expert-insights/buying/52229-cbus-secures-approval-for-its-447-collins-street-project" target="_blank">the National Mutual building</a> which was demolished despite its architectural merit.
It was among a handful of CBD buildings rejected by the state government for heritage protection as some regarded the 27-level building as a prime example of post-war International style. 
It is being designed by landscape architects Oculus, incorporating a collection of spaces, including a City Garden, Central Plaza, a Terrace and Northern Lawns.
Each space will create clear pedestrian connections via north-south links to public transport, the Northbank, as well as the broader precinct, including the Immigration Museum.
<img src="https://res.cloudinary.com/dz9xllyip/image/fetch/c_scale,w_580,q_auto:good/https://s3-ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/po.images/2018/9/19/Hoddle%203.jpg" alt="">
The creation of the park will see the western side of Market Street repurposed into public space, while the eastern side will be transformed to include a new bike lane.
The remainder of Market Street will become a single lane carriageway for southbound traffic and kerbside parking.
The $1 billion plus mixed-use Collins Arch development will include 49,000 square metres of premium-grade office space, 940 square metres of ground floor retail and a <a href="https://www.urban.com.au/expert-insights/investing/65002-collins-arch-to-feature-melbourne-s-first-w-hotel" target="_blank">five-star W Hotel</a>, as well as 184 luxury apartments.
Pictured below is the now demolished National Mutual Building
<img src="https://www.urban.com.au/images/2018/9/19/Arches.JPG" alt="">
(source: Victoria State Library)
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Collins Arch garden plans revealed for Market Street

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Guest Observer
The Western Sydney City Deal is a major shaper for the Greater Sydney region and represents a significant investment to implement the Greater Western Sydney Parkland City of the 'Sydney Three Cities Regional Strategy'.
PIA NSW congratulates the Federal Government, NSW Government and the eight local councils for working together strategically and committing to the Western Sydney City Deal package. The package delivers six broad priorities, namely: 
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Connectivity – connecting Western City with a North South rail, digital linkages, road and bus 
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Jobs for the future – Western Sydney Airport to drive investment and employment growth 
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Skills and education – coordinating education and training to support skills development and training for jobs, particularly local opportunities, including for indigenous and aboriginal communities. 
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Planning and housing – actions for planning and improving housing supply and affordability 
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Livability and environment – working to create a great place with respecting agriculture, celebrate natural assets and heritage 
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Governance – a shared vision, Implementation Board and development of an implementation Plan with Greater Sydney Commission coordinating land sue and infrastructure 
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PIA together with UDIA NSW recently joined together writing to the Prime Minister and NSW Premier calling for the Western Sydney City Deal to include funding for a north- south railway line, and the South West Rail Line Extension to enmesh the Western Sydney Airport in the economy of Western Sydney - and connect it with the Central and Eastern Cities of Sydney. 
The announcement today outlines the commitment to funding the first stage of the North South Rail from St Marys to Western Sydney airport with a rapid bus between Penrith, Liverpool and Campbelltown, which is a fantastic start, said the NSW PIA President. This will be a huge step in creating a focus for the ‘Western Parkland City’ in a way that links health, education and a range of other industries and jobs vital for this city to achieve its full potential. 
The other strategic priorities are also important for Sydney communities including the concentration of funding to improve community facilities and open space. 
Jenny Rudolph is the President of the Planning Institute of Australia's NSW division.
She can be <a href="http://elton.com.au/people/jenny-rudolph/" target="_blank">contacted here.</a>
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jrobinson-rf4aSBido9

Western Sydney City Deal announced with railway reaching the Western Sydney Airport

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GUEST OBSERVER
Homes near green amenities are more desirable and more expensive because residents are willing to pay higher prices to gain the many benefits of green spaces.
Our research has confirmed, for instance, that apartments near to the greenbelt in Vienna, Austria, are more expensive compared to otherwise similar apartments in that city.
Similar findings have been reported for cities in England, Ontario in Canada, and the South Korean capital, Seoul.
Green spaces have well-known environmental benefits. Green neighbourhoods also have social benefits – such as less aggression and violence, and fewer incidents of youth crimes and domestic violence – and health benefits, including reduced risk of cardiovascular disease, certain cancers and certain types of diabetes.
However, Australia’s growing cities face a shortage of urban parks. Often, the provision of parks is seen only as planning compliance or an accessory.
There have been calls for developers and councils to make adequate contributions toward improving and maintaining existing parks, rather than just leveraging the benefit for financial gain with new development projects.
However, the unparalleled population growth in our cities and increasing inner-city density mean we will need not only to protect existing green spaces, but also to plan new, better-quality green amenities.
<h2>What higher prices near green amenities mean</h2>
Our study in Vienna found the price of a constant-quality (taking into account other differences) apartment drops by 0.13–0.26% with every 1% increase in distance from the greenbelt. This suggests that proximity to the greenbelt is a significant location-related predictor of Viennese apartment prices.
If there is higher demand for this type of amenity and a lack of supply, prices of houses located close to greenbelts will go up. And, if green amenities are provided in areas accessible to low- and middle-income households, the social and health benefits can be promoted across cities.
<a href="https://www.propertyobserver.com.au/images/2017/03/3/image-20170217-4243-1vmg3lp.png" target="_blank">Click to enlarge</a>
<img src="https://www.urban.com.au/images/2017/03/3/image-20170217-4243-1vmg3lp.png" alt="">
Some argue that saving the greenbelts results in higher house prices, leads to satellite cities and creates negative consequences such as increased car-dependence. Lost economic profit due to restricted development is also a concern.
To ease these pressures, “unproductive” greenbelt land and privately owned greenbelt land with intensive farming could be exempted from this protection.
<h2>A history of failed planning attempts</h2>
Greenbelts are a special type of open space consisting of natural, agricultural or largely undeveloped land around urban areas. These areas typically outline the edge of the urban fringe and are known as “urban growth boundaries” in such cases. 
Greenbelts are an outcome of the containment policy; they limit the physical expansion of the urbanised area and protect a compact urban form. They can also be an outcome of a policy intended to preserve green spaces for environmental and recreation purposes. 
Green wedges are similar to greenbelts but may run through an urban area rather than around it. Urban parks are different: they may have diverse features like gardens, playgrounds, running trails and walking paths, and are spread across a city.
The idea of a greenbelt for Sydney was formally proposed as early as 1948. This became an example of the failure of planning for greenbeltsdue to lack of support by state government agencies, property owners and developers. 
The federal government’s refusal to provide funding due to unexpected immigration numbers ultimately led to the project’s demise. Most of Sydney’s inner-area greenbelt was eventually used for urban expansion.
In Melbourne, green wedges remained an established part of planning until the early 1990s. Since the liberalisation of the proposed restrictions on urban uses in Melbourne 2030, new residential, tourist and commercial developments are continuing in and beyond the greenbelt. 
By 2010, urban growth boundaries in Melbourne’s north and west had moved. Consecutive governments have regarded open space as commercially expendable and as a free input to public and private projects.
Brisbane has introduced urban growth boundaries and reinforced the protection of non-urban areas bordering the city through strong regulatory planning controls. Current debates about the greenbelt in Brisbane show the challenging nature of managing conflicting interests. 
There is widespread support for preserving the greenbelt between Brisbane and the Sunshine Coast, but an increasing level of approval for developments within the Brisbane to Gold Coast greenbelt.
<h2>Which way ahead?</h2>
Cities are growing fast and the current supply of urban parks is not sufficient. So, governments need to take radical steps to protect existing greenbelts. 
Greenbelts generate large-scale environmental services compared to their smaller counterparts (like urban parks). It will be a point of no return once the greenbelts are sacrificed to development.
In a new world where high-density development is widely endorsed, a bit of nature in the city fringe seems like a sensible policy. A stronger greenbelt policy can only come with political leadership – and cities such as Paris are bravely putting in greenbelts. Australian cities should follow these examples.
Shanaka Herath is vice-chancellor’s Postdoctoral Research Fellow, University of Wollongong and author for The Conversation. He can be contacted <a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/shanaka-herath-333069" target="_blank">here</a>.
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