Knowledge City

<html><body>
Integrated knowledge-based environments have been evolving for the last 30 years globally, however they have only recently started to move beyond the infancy phase in Australia and in turn morphing into competitive Science or Technology precincts in their own right.
The origins of science parks date back to the early 1980’s when a number of UK-based universities recognised that an era of integrated educational and knowledge based business had arrived and realised the benefits of aligning multidisciplinary research and businesses. 
What is a science park?
A science park is an entity managed by specialist experts usually being universities, local or regional government, whose main aim is to increase the wealth of its community by promoting a common culture of innovation. Science parks aim to find the balance between social and educational benefit through knowledge enhancement with commercial considerations for the provision of the infrastructure.
Linkages with start-ups, manufacturing, incubation hubs, R&amp;D and many more enable them to carry the knowledge gained from such synergies through to practical and or commercial uses. The aggregation of science parks results in a ‘knowledge economy’ of social and commercially oriented zones of influence. In theory it’s a win-win for the developers and researchers.
Over the last two decades this ‘new’ property sector has continued to evolve with the UK and USA leading the charge. Allied businesses have opted to position themselves in these parks to take advantage of not only knowledge and infrastructure sharing but also the flexible operational elements ranging from financial advice through to marketing support.
Consider the case, for example, of a small orthopaedic research entity that can’t afford specialised integrated laboratories but needs to be aligned with an industrial designer, intellectual property advisors, marketers and manufacturers of prototypes. By positioning themselves in a science park dedicated to their line of research, they could collaborate with such aligned professionals, share specialist laboratory space at nominal cost, and collaborate with an industrial designer to manufacture prototypes, patent them and be able to test them on patients at an adjoining hospital once they are approved for use. Such associations would be much more difficult in disparate locations and ‘accidental collisions’ would be very unlikely.
Global Precedents
One of the oldest and largest examples of this concept from Europe is the Cambridge Science Park in the UK, a joint venture between Trinity College and another Cambridge College – Trinity Hall. Between 1994 and 2004, David Lupson and Dr Sarah Tasker of Savills Science were responsible for crafting the development and operations of the Cambridge Science Park.
<img src="https://res.cloudinary.com/dz9xllyip/image/fetch/c_scale,w_580,q_auto:good/https://s3-ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/po.images/2017/11/14/Cambridge%20Scince%20Park%20copy.jpg" alt=""> 
This project provided for Europe’s largest biotech cluster at the time and the UK’s first purpose designed laboratories for commercial leasing. 
Another example is the Liverpool Science Park developed on behalf of the joint owners <a href="https://www.ljmu.ac.uk/">Liverpool John Moores University</a>, the <a href="https://www.liverpool.ac.uk/">University of Liverpoo</a>l, and <a href="https://liverpool.gov.uk/">Liverpool City Council</a>. Liverpool Science Park is as a not-for-profit company which operates on a fully-commercial basis. Savills was first appointed on the project in 2004 and have been instrumental in providing the initial science park design, funding, governance and commercial advisory to all three phases of the 11,000sq m development. 
<img src="https://res.cloudinary.com/dz9xllyip/image/fetch/c_scale,w_580,q_auto:good/https://s3-ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/po.images/2017/11/14/Liverpool%20Science%20Park%20copy.jpg" alt="">
The construction of the latest phase is currently underway which will see an additional 9,000sq m of commercially available office, teaching and laboratory space added to the Liverpool Knowledge Centre. 
Asia Pacific Adoption
Undoubtedly, science and technology parks are well established across Europe and the USA, while in other parts of the globe including many Asia Pacific countries, these concepts are only beginning to be mature. Hong Kong, China and Singapore have been at the forefront of the sector’s rise in Asia including but not limited to Hong Kong Science Park, Zhongguancun and Biopolis. 
Thailand is currently preparing to welcome its first ever Digital Park, located on the Chonburi Province within the <a href="https://www.thailand-property.com/blog/potential-for-sri-racha">Sri Racha district</a> of Chonburi Province. CAT Telecom, Thailand's leading government-owned Telco Company has appointed a world-class consortium led by Savills 
With a strong emphasis on using smart technology, this Digital Park will enable entrepreneurs and start-ups to intermingle to enhance networking opportunities and ‘accidental collisions’. The CAT Telecom Digital Park will span 100 hectares with development estimated to take between 10 and 15 years. The purpose of the Digital Park is to create an environment for a digital ecosystem to excel.
<img src="https://res.cloudinary.com/dz9xllyip/image/fetch/c_scale,w_580,q_auto:good/https://s3-ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/po.images/2017/11/14/Thailand-First-Digital-Park%20copy.jpg" alt="">
 Australian Context
With the rest of the world making way for the digital and science ecosystem boom, Australia too is beginning to further explore pre-planned precincts to accommodate challenges such as a growing and ageing population, exponential advances in technology and the effects of climate change to name a few.
Melbourne’s west precinct of Werribee has been identified as an area of growth set to morph into a $30 billion cutting edge ‘Education City’ with the aim of becoming the largest Science Park in the southern hemisphere. The precinct will comprise of universities and schools along with home and apartment development to house 80,000 residents. If the proposal is approved, it will develop a 400ha stretch of State Government owned land into its own knowledge economy hub. 
In Queensland, the Commonwealth Games Athletes village will be transformed into a multi-billion dollar medical research and technology hub as the Gold Coast Health &amp; Knowledge Precinct prepares to inject $2.9 billion into the Gold Coast economy and employ 26,000 people. 
The 200ha Parklands site is a joint strategy of the Queensland State Government, Gold Coast City Council and Griffith University. The precinct is already positioning itself as a biomedical research hub and adapts the Science Park knowledge economy concepts from overseas.
Similar momentum has been generated across the Sunshine Coast region where Kawana has become the motivation of yet another rapidly evolving health precinct. The master-planned site incorporates a $1.8bn Sunshine Coast University Hospital and the $250m Ramsay Private Hospital. The precinct itself comprises 17ha of mixed-use land incorporating medical, aged care &amp; retirement, car parking facilities, retail, residential, hotel and child care facilities. 
Savills has been tasked by the master planner to work with all stakeholders in assessing demand and subsequently securing interest to develop land and occupy purpose built medical facilities within the precinct.   
Other current and proposed precincts around Australia include the St Vincent’s Research &amp; Biotechnology Precinct (Sydney), Bentley Technology Precinct (Perth), Australia National University Science Precinct (Canberra) and Monash Science Precinct (Melbourne).
<img src="https://res.cloudinary.com/dz9xllyip/image/fetch/c_scale,w_580,q_auto:good/https://s3-ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/po.images/2017/11/14/Sunshine%20Coast%20Health%20Precinct%20copy.jpg" alt="">  
Australian Outlook 
Australian developers and public entities are not fully conversant with this sector and its specific idiosyncrasies yet. Development models for commercial buildings do not necessarily align with those of Science Parks where social and educational drivers are key. Returns in this sector are long term with a focus on ensuring that the assets incubate start-ups and small research which in turn attracts larger investors and allied entities to provide commercial offsets.
Because each Science Park needs to be focused on a specialised niche to avoid cannibalisation of talent, resources and professionals, there is no one standard model for their creation. Whilst some principles from successful international precincts may apply, each one needs to be purpose crafted with the right elements of governance, tertiary, professional and allied industries etc. The creation of a focused and well-crafted Unique Value Proposition (UVP) through actual operation rather than just aspirational words is key. This suggests that governance platforms, vision, partnering, precinct development protocols, methodology of investment attraction and commercial return on investment modelling must align with the UVP. 
The sector has arrived in Australia and is here to stay. How existing Australian precincts can be modelled to ensure the right balance of commercial and social benefit to make them sustainable and self-sufficient is still debatable and not yet achieved. We now have a property class taking shape and morphing into its own sector. With smart planning, appropriate sector specific advisory, along with appropriate governance, this sector has the ability to become a highly sought-after investment offering.    
Lawson Katiza is an Associate Director of <a href="http://www.savills.com.au/services-and-sectors/project-management.aspx" target="_blank">Savills Project Management</a>, and state lead for Advisory and Commercial sectors. Savills Project Management is a Tier 1 project management and social infrastructure advisory specialist and a division of <a href="http://www.savills.com.au" target="_blank">Savills Australia</a>, an integrated property solutions company.
</body></html>

jrobinson-rf4aSBido9

Creating knowledge-based ecosystems through science and technology: Savills

<html><body>
<img src="https://counter.theconversation.edu.au/content/81101/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-advanced" alt="The Conversation" width="1" height="1">
GUEST OBSERVER
A knowledge city has several characteristics, including diverse knowledge industries, key knowledge-producing infrastructure (such as universities and science parks), and a quality of life that enhances the city’s social and cultural milieu. 
To understand the impacts of these elements we have built a new Knowledge City Index for Australia. The index, released today, enables us to compare the strengths and weaknesses of 25 Australian cities. 
The idea of a knowledge city is not new. But, until now, few have gone further in assessing knowledge cities than definitions to create measures for comparing cities and their knowledge intensiveness. 
While many espouse the achievements of specific cities, few offer a systematic analysis of the factors that drive a knowledge city’s success, or develop a methodology for benchmarking them. 
<h2>Geography still matters</h2>
In a digital age, there’s a tendency to consider knowledge exchange as freed from geographical constraints. The argument goes that barriers of linguistic and cultural differences or legal restrictions imposed by countries no longer constrain knowledge. It can be produced or acquired anywhere and, equally, can be shared globally. 
Though some may proclaim geography irrelevant, we do not share this view. Rather, we argue that propinquity is vital to the development and transmission of knowledge.
One of the fundamental features of knowledge cities and precincts is the proximity of individuals in generating and sharing knowledge, ideas and innovations. 
This proximity generates a culture and conviviality of enquiry. It also allows for the chance acquaintances that supplement formal structures of co-operation. 
This capacity to generate incidental enhancement of knowledge delivers on the expectation that cities are the places where knowledge can best be developed and exchanged.
<h2>The changing nature of work</h2>
And then there are the workers themselves. For workers in knowledge-intensive industries it may be the best of times, as their knowledge, skills, and creativity become increasingly valuable and combine to make them more prosperous. 
For other workers, it could be the worst of times, as their hard-won skills and occupational practice become increasingly irrelevant or obsolete. In many sectors, automation, artificial intelligence (AI), big data and machine learning will make more and more jobs redundant, or at least change them fundamentally. 
It isn’t only unskilled or semi-skilled workers who face these threats in the changing landscape of work. Technological change and associated economic and social transformations will continue to affect many skilled and professional occupations.
This has led some to question the very future of many professions. It is predicted that close to half of the current jobs in developed economies could be automated or otherwise made redundant by 2030. 
<h2>The Knowledge City Index</h2>
How will all of this play out in Australia? 
We know which types of jobs are most likely to decline. We also have some sense of what types of jobs, or at least which sectors, are likely to be most resilient. But this dichotomy of decline and resilience is not equally distributed across the geography of Australian cities. 
To create our index, we examined a total of 25 cities and analysed each of them according to its knowledge capital (the underlying knowledge infrastructure) and knowledge economy (the knowledge activation). We combined six different measures, using a data-standardisation process that controls for the size of cities, to compare all 25 significant urban areas. 
The framework underpinning the index can be used for comparative analysis of cities in other countries. It’s also repeatable over time, so we can understand how cities are changing.
<a href="https://www.propertyobserver.com.au/images/2017/07/27/file-20170719-14138-1viid9u.jpg" target="_blank">Click to enlarge</a>
<img src="https://res.cloudinary.com/dz9xllyip/image/fetch/c_scale,w_580,q_auto:good/https://s3-ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/po.images/2017/07/27/file-20170719-14138-1viid9u.jpg" alt="">
<div class="enlarge_hint"> </div>
How 25 Australian cities rate on the six key measures of the Knowledge City Index.
The Knowledge City Index results are mixed.
Five cities in Australia appear to be well prepared for the technological revolution and knowledge transition that are already taking place. Sydney, Melbourne, Canberra, Brisbane and Perth qualify as knowledge cities. The remaining 20 cities have observable knowledge limitations to various degrees. 
Canberra stands out as one of Australia’s leading knowledge cities, despite its comparatively small population and employment bases. Higher proportions of its population have both knowledge capacity and actually work in the knowledge economy than in any other city. 
Cities that have traditionally relied on the manufacturing and mining industries for their employment base lack sufficient knowledge capital and have significant shortfalls in their knowledge economy. 
<h2>A tale of two cities</h2>
The index also provides city portraits that highlight differences between cities. Compare the two largest cities: Sydney and Melbourne:
Click to enlarge
<img src="https://res.cloudinary.com/dz9xllyip/image/fetch/c_scale,w_580,q_auto:good/https://s3-ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/po.images/2017/07/27/file-20170724-11666-d9fqvi.jpg" alt="">
How Sydney and Melbourne compare on the key Knowledge City Index measures.
Despite being nearly identical overall, Sydney and Melbourne do demonstrate nuances in individual indicators that reveal their relative knowledge strengths and weakness. Our analysis produces portraits for all 25 Australian cities. 
For cities such as Sydney, Melbourne, Canberra, Brisbane and Perth, the shift to a knowledge economy promises to be “the best of times”. For the other 20 cities, it could well be “the worst of times” if they are unable to adapt to the knowledge economy. 
Understanding the underlying components of these changes and exploring the social, political and economic implications that stem from them is fundamental. Only then can we know which cities are likely to be most and least susceptible to the uneven technological advancements underway.
<a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/lawrence-pratchett-208187" target="_blank">Lawrence Pratchett</a> is Dean of Business, Government and Law, University of Canberra.
<a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/michael-walsh-147733" target="_blank">Michael Walsh</a> is Assistant Professor of Social Science, University of Canberra.
<a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/richard-hu-7319" target="_blank">Richard Hu</a> is Professor, Faculty of Arts and Design, University of Canberra.
<a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/sajeda-tuli-390943" target="_blank">Sajeda Tuli</a> is PhD Candidate, Institute for Governance and Policy Analysis, University of Canberra.
All are authors for <a href="https://theconversation.com/au" target="_blank">The Conversation</a>.
</body></html>

Knowledge City

Editor's Picks

Have something to contribute?

Developments

New apartments

New townhouses

News

Knowledge City

Editor's Picks

Receive the latest news stories to your inbox

Have something to contribute?

Developments

New apartments

New townhouses

News