Commonwealth Games

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GUEST OBSERVATION
Hosting the Commonwealth Games is about more than just the two weeks of sport for the Gold Coast. Andrew Smith, author of the book Events and Urban Regeneration, observes: “In recent years, major sporting and cultural events such as the Olympic [and Commonwealth] Games have emerged as significant elements of public policy … As well as opportunities arising from new venues, these events are viewed as a way of stimulating investment, gaining civic engagement and publicising progress to assist the urban regeneration process more generally.”
The Gold Coast recently hosted the Commonwealth Games, a record fifth time for Australia. It’s the first time an Australian non-capital city hosted the event.
Another great distinction from past hosts is that the Gold Coast mostly relyied on its existing assets, and the community aspect has generally prevailed: most of the refurbishments and extensions took place one to three years before the start of the Games, meaning the community has already been able to use these facilities.
Not building just for the Games
Only two of the 13 Gold Coast venues are bright new buildings, the Carrara Sports and Leisure Centre and the Coomera Indoor Sports Centre. All the others are either already built or are great natural assets such as the Coolangatta and Currumbin beachfronts.
Even the new venues were completed some time ago. At the Coomera Sports Centre, early site works began in February 2015. Construction was completed in early August 2016, 20 months ahead of the Games.
Similarly, the Carrara Sports Centre was completed in early 2017. The nearly 20,000 square metre venue was available to Gold Coast residents to enjoy more than a year before the Games.
Refurbishment is costly, but looking at the bigger picture it might still be less expensive. A new building usually involves other costs such as building new road access, water and electrical connections, and so on.
The same strategy was implemented for all the refurbishment projects without exception. For example, the aquatic centre is a recycling and expansion of the original 1960s Southport pool. Finished in 2014, it hosted the Pan Pacific Swimming Championships the same year. Although at that time debate about the lack of a roof was raging, being able to test the facility in advance is a luxury that few host cities have had.
<img src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/213313/original/file-20180404-189830-s5fkzu.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip" alt=""> 
Few Games hosts have had the luxury of trialling venues like the aquatic centre, where refurbishment was finished in 2014. Karine Dupre, Author provided
What about the architectural legacy?
In designing venues, architecture plays a a critical role in delivering a premium experience for athletes and spectators, and thus ensuring the success of the Games.
It’s doubtful any of these buildings will enter into the history of architecture as references or models for future Games. They are not comparable to what has been done, for example, in Beijing in terms of structural innovation (such as the swimming pool or the stadium) or iconic status.
I am convinced, however, that all these buildings display a very good critical approach by their architects.
For example, for the Coomera centre, the choices made by Gold Coast-based BDA architects were fundamental to achieve the flexibility to accommodate up to 7,500 spectators when starting from 350 permanent seats. The truss structure, in allowing a very long span (82 metres by 168 metres for the roof), frees the indoor space from columns and increases flexibility of uses. In the same way, the 23 metres roof clearance frees the volume.
In terms of aesthetic, the choice not to enclose fully the centre at the entrance gives both a lighter perception of the building – despite the use of 600 tonnes of structural steel and 6,000 cubic metres of concrete – and a different look from the traditional box often found for gymnasiums.
<img src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/213373/original/file-20180405-95689-qop95o.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip" alt="">
Commonwealth Games gymnastics competition is under way at the Coomera Indoor Sports Centre. Karine Dupre, Author provided
The key new facility at Carrara presents some similar characteristics. Because of its central location on the Gold Coast, the idea was that the new centre would contribute to the creation of a sport precinct and to economic development and sport advocacy programs. Knowing that Glasgow had a 17% increase in people doing sport after the Games, it was a reasonable vision to bet on long-term use by locals and not only on the visitors for the brief period of the Games.
Designed by BVN architects, the Carrara centre consists of a street space between two major halls. As the nominated venue for the badminton, wrestling and table tennis programs, it is quite an unexpected arrangement; it does not feel like the traditional sport hall, but more like a place to meet others. The colours and material palette have been used to symbolise the young and vibrant image of the Gold Coast. Again, all these architectural choices come together to provide a memorable experience for visitors and athletes alike.
Within the given budget, the balance between an appealing aesthetic and a long-term legacy has been achieved. Maybe none of these buildings will become international landmarks, but present uses have shown their functionality and benefits for the Gold Coast.
Even if we don’t all agree with the current politics, there is one thing we cannot deny about the Games: architecture has been a tool for enhancing public facilities thanks to a very long-term vision. The social, cultural and economic legacy is already there, since facilities are being used.
Finally, since the Games preparations began, major debates on the Gold Coast concerned new casinos, the Spit redevelopment and the light rail extension. None of these debates caused any real problems for the Games. It is quite an achievement, or the result of a very good communication strategy, but that might be another discussion…
Karine Dupré, Associate Professor in Architecture, Griffith University
This article was originally published on <a href="http://theconversation.com" target="_blank">The Conversation</a>. Read the <a href="https://theconversation.com/building-for-the-community-is-a-win-for-the-gold-coast-games-94413" target="_blank">original article</a>.
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What kind of building legacy has the Commonwealth Games left the Gold Coast?

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GUEST OBSERVER
Sport, race and racism are entwined. It was always so, and it will always will be so – even in the Commonwealth Games, the event we dub the “friendly games”.
In a throwback to the 1982 Commonwealth Games in Brisbane, preparations for next month’s event on the Gold Coast are forcing the homeless to move out of town, and even out of the state – to Tweed Heads in New South Wales. Women who run soup kitchens for the poor and indigent have been told to close their shops until these “friendly games” are over.
Australia, the Commonwealth Games, and race
In the 1930s, Australia’s sporting authorities deemed the previously named Empire Games worthier than the Olympics. Empire above all else, Australia second, was the motto.
Some British officials even advocated a British Empire Olympic team. The Empire Games appealed to “a narrower local patriotism” and that was the healthier way to go, The Sydney Morning Herald editorialised, hinting that Australia avoid intimate contact with “foreigners” at the Olympics. But all that changed after the second world war.
The “friendly games” have since tended to be the tense and the nervous games. Race has marred several events. Australia made extraordinary efforts to keep South Africa and (the then) Rhodesia in the fold when no-one else wanted to have dealings with them.
A near-calamitous era for sport resulted from the highly divisive Springbok rugby union tours to Australia (1971) and to New Zealand (1981), the 28-African nation boycott of the Montreal Olympics (1976) – because of New Zealand–South Africa rugby ties – and the 61-nation boycott of the Moscow Olympics because of the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan (1980).
Many will remember Commonwealth Games head Arthur Tunstall threatening to punish Cathy Freeman for wrapping herself in an Aboriginal flag in Canada at the 1994 Games. This was hardly the friendliest event on racial matters, and we can tie them to Moscow.
The Moscow Olympics in 1980 was held at the time of Western outcry at the treatment of “dissidents”, of refuseniks – those refused the right to emigrate to Israel and elsewhere. Aimed mainly at Jews, refusal also applied to Ukrainian Greek Catholics, Jehovah’s Witnesses and Volga Germans. By the time of the Olympics, the ban on Jews had been lifted (largely through Australian-led pressure), but some were still being held as financial hostages.
To give the appearance and the message that Moscow was “clean”, the Soviet regime removed all the “unsightly ones” from that city for the two weeks of sport.
Remembering the protests of 1982
Two years after the Moscow Olympics, in September 1982, Brisbane hosted the Commonwealth Games. At the helm of draconian government was Joh Bjelke-Petersen, a fundamentalist Lutheran and a man intolerant of democracy and its institutions. He ruled Queensland from 1968 to 1987.
Bjelke-Petersen placed all of Queensland under a state of emergency, declaring martial law, when the Springbok rugby team toured, disastrously for all, in 1971. He made dubious history as the first leader in a democracy to declare a state of emergency in peacetime over a sporting event. Martial law reigned for three weeks to enable matches, with indemnities given to all police against lawsuits.
The Bjelke-Petersen government passed the Commonwealth Games Act, a statute not commented on then or later. The law ensured Brisbane was free of Aboriginal people and their “friends”.
Possibly the Western world’s most punitive law on sport, police had the power under the act to declare a state of emergency. It also gave specially deputised non-police full police powers and enabled seizure of people and property “on suspicion”.
The act provided for palm, foot, toe and voice-printing, with a A$2,000 fine or two years’ jail for offences under the act, and disallowed any consequent criminal or civil charges against real or “temporary” police. But human rights organisations – especially the vociferous rights body in Queensland – said nary a word on this statute.
Bjelke-Petersen was adamant there would be no Aboriginal land rights marches in Brisbane at that time, and the statute was meant to ensure that. By coincidence or not, the ABC ran a Saturday-night Four Corners special program on land rights mid-Games, and that led to much press publicity.
I was there, reporting on the event for The Australian. Two land rights marches took place, peacefully.
<img src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/211465/original/file-20180321-165557-aql49b.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip" alt="">
Land rights marches attracted foreign media attention at the 1982 Commonwealth Games in Brisbane. Museums Victoria
Interestingly – but not surprisingly – the British, Canadian and New Zealand journalists were much more interested in learning about the Aboriginal story than in the sporting contests, and I was able to help them file stories of greater import than the discus thrower’s ankle.
Aboriginal protests didn’t stop or disrupt the Games, and police generally behaved politely. True, there was a great deal of camera scrutiny of events. The land rights marches hastened native title change in Queensland, with the Mabo case starting that year and ending in native title in 1992.
In America as in Australia
Atlanta was the low-water mark of a city using anti-loitering statutes to keep it “clean” during the 1996 Olympics. Whole suburbs were vacuumed to eliminate the “black spots”, literally.
So, two decades on, what are sports officials and governmental authorities still so afraid of? That we will be seen as a normal country, with normal problems like poverty, homelessness and hunger?
<img src="https://counter.theconversation.com/content/93488/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-basic" alt="The Conversation" width="1" height="1">Are we really still mired in the mentality of yesteryear — that the deranged, the mentally ill, the vagrant must be kept out of sight lest they remind us of human frailty?
Colin Tatz, ANU Visiting Professor, Politics and International Relations, Australian National University
This article was originally published on <a href="http://theconversation.com" target="_blank">The Conversation</a>. Read the <a href="https://theconversation.com/the-commonwealth-games-of-exclusion-what-are-authorities-so-afraid-of-93488" target="_blank">original article</a>.
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The Commonwealth Games of exclusion: why are authorities so afraid of homeless people?

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The 2018 Commonwealth Games is estimated to inject $2 billion into the Gold Coast economy, with $320 million worth of construction projects, making it an attractive prospect for investors.
Infrastructure benefits would include 1,200 apartments (built for the Athlete’s Village) as well as helping the tourism industry and transport.
The Liveable Housing Design of apartments would make them suitable for all people; regardless of age, family needs or mobility.
The announcement of Commonwealth Games has helped the Gold Coast property market, similar to what it did for Sydney (Olympics, 2000) and Melbourne (Commonwealth Games, 2006), according to a presentation by PRDnationwide.
Between 2014 and 2015, houses in the area recorded a rise in median prices of 6.7%, says the research.
Average days on market and vendor discounting has also been improving over the four quarters to Q4, 2015. Combined average vendor discounting has decreased compared to 2014, sitting at a combined average of -3.4% in 2015, suggesting buyer competition is increasing and people are willing to pay more to secure the deal.
"Whilst major developments projects relating to the Commonwealth Games and infrastructure improvements are taking place across the Gold Coast, the property market has shown positive performance. An increase of 13.2% in house transactions and 14.5% in unit sales over the past 12 months suggests demand is heating up – thus now is the perfect time to enter the market," it says.
Grocon Pty Ltd was chosen to be the developer for the Games Village in 2014, and it is Grocon’s first large-scale construction on the Gold Coast. 
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Recent market condition
Robust performance in Southport, Coomera and Carrara house markets suggests positive impact of 2018 Commonwealth Games related major project developments on the property market of these suburbs.
• Southport
Annual Median Price Growth: +8.8% (House), +3.3% (Units) Annual Sales Transaction Growth: +29.4% (House), +26.2% (Unit)
Southport recorded higher median price growth compared to Gold Coast City LGA of 6.1% and 1.9% for house and unit respectively. Double digits increase for sales price in conjunction with an increase in sales transaction indicates strong demand and real capital growth in the area.
• Coomera
Annual Median Price Growth: +3.8% (House), +10.7% (Unit) Annual Sales Transaction Growth: +36.5% (House), -6.0% (Unit)
High increase of house median growth and sales transactions in Coomera suggests that its house market has performed well, making it one of the most outstanding suburbs in the Gold Coast.
• Carrara
Annual Median Price Growth: +4.6% (House), +0.8% (Unit) Annual Sales Transaction Growth: +34.1% (House), +8.3% (Unit)
Carrara popularity has risen for the past 3 years given its consecutive increase of median price for houses. Buyers are shifting their attentions to enter Carrara property market.
Health and education investment is also getting a boost with $10.2 million in funding is set to be directed to the Gold Coast Hospital over the next two years, resulting in 6,700 patients receiving outpatient surgery before 30 June 2017. Additionally, $50 million in funding will go towards a school in Coomera, creating both job and education opportunities.
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The Gold Coast market recap for 2015 above clearly identifies that houses in almost all of the suburbs surrounding the 2018 Commonwealth Games have witnessed median price growth over the past 12 months, PRDnationwide says.
Coomera and Runaway Bay have been some of the strongest performers witnessing combined average growth of 7.3% and 13.6% respectively.
Gerald Adam (PRDnationwide Southport Principal) confirms the projected growth for 2015 of 7.0% has been surpassed in Southport, with a median house price growth of 8.8%.
Greg Brewster (PRDnationwide Runaway Bay Principal) states that he has received a high number of interstate investor interests for his area as infrastructure developments adds value from the investor perspective.
Both share similar expectations of their areas upcoming future positive growths, backed by infrastructure developments, 2018 Commonwealth Games and their individual suburb locational features.
The recent growth witnessed is expected to continue up to 2018 and beyond thanks to overall improvement in market conditions as well as the infrastructure and publicity the Gold Coast will be receiving due to the Commonwealth Games.
The Gold Coast City Council has one of the highest projected population growth in Queensland and as was the case with previous sporting events in Sydney and Melbourne, it is expected that the new development will not go to waste, but rather enhance the attractiveness of the surrounding areas. 
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Commonwealth Games

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