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There have been few Google searches for the term “first home buyer” over the past few years with that segment of buyers increasingly dropping out of the market.
<img width="470" height="196" src="/images/stories/2014/02/28/fhb-analysis-chart-feb-28.gif" alt="fhb-analysis-chart-feb-28"> 
Plotting Google searches on the term “first home buyer” compared with Australian Bureau of Statistics data on the proportion of home mortgages taken out by first-time buyers shows a fall in interest in the search term corresponding to the drop in buyers. Related phrases such as first home owner grant yield similar results.
The peak in first home buyer activity in 2009 was preceded by a clear spike in internet searches on the subject.
There was a minor lift in the number of searches on first home buyers around mid-2012, in line with a slight lift in buyer numbers, but aside from that blip, the term has been as absent from Google searches as the buyers have been from the market.
<a target="_blank" href="mailto:news@propertyobserver.com.au">news@propertyobserver.com.au</a>
                                     
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Amount of first home buyers searches dropping in more ways than one

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Last December, the Financial Services Inquiry’s final report <a href="https://fsi.gov.au/publications/final-report/chapter-1/direct-borrowing/" target="_blank">recommended a ban on borrowing to inves</a>t in property through self-managed superannuation.<a href="https://fsi.gov.au/publications/final-report/chapter-1/direct-borrowing/"> </a>
Among its 44 recommendations the FSI report, advised government that to minimise risk to the financial system it should stop self-managed superannuation funds (SMSFs) using limited recourse borrowing arrangements (LBRAs) to acquire property and other assets.
Superannuation rules were changed in 2007 to allow SMSFs to borrow using LBRAs. The value of the loans rose from $497 million in June 2009 to $8.7 billion in June 2014.
“Further growth in superannuation funds’ direct borrowing would, over time, increase risk in the financial system,” the FSI report noted.
The inquiry pointed out that while a lender only had recourse to the asset over which the LBRA was held, trustees would likely sell other fund assets to repay the debt if the asset’s value fell.
“As a result, LRBAs are generally unlikely to be effective in limiting losses on one asset from flowing through to other assets, either inside or outside the fund,” it warned.
It also raised concerns that borrowing reduced diversification and concentrated risk in superannuation funds, and allowed SMSF members to circumvent contribution caps, which restrict the amount members can add to their funds.
Self-Managed Superannuation Professionals’ Association of Australia director of technical and professional standards Graeme Colley said there was “scant evidence of abuse of LBRAs to date”.
“But [SPAA] can appreciate the FSI’s position if leverage in superannuation did grow to a level where it could be a threat to people’s retirement savings,” he added.
Separate from the review, regulators have been cracking down on unlicensed property spruikers who have been luring investors into setting up SMSFs to buy residential property, often using borrowed money.
In November, the Australian Securities and Investments Commission commenced proceedings in the Supreme Court of New South Wales against property investment promoter, Park Trent Properties Group. <a href="/guides/asic-commences-proceedings-against-property-promoter-park-trent-properties">ASIC alleges</a> Park Trent advised at least 500 members of the public to establish an SMSF and then use the fund to buy investment properties that were owned or promoted by Park Trent companies.
If the FSI’s proposed ban on borrowing goes ahead, funds with existing LBRAs would not be affected, although those disposing of assets bought with an LBRA would have to extinguish the associated debt at the same time. No date was set for the proposed regulations to begin. 
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Growth in SMSF borrowing will "increase risk in the financial system"

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A recently launched investment tool is giving self-managed superannuation fund members access to invest in real property with a lower capital outlay.
The Fractional Property Investment Platform, released by DomaCom in early March, allows investors to buy shares in any property on the market through an Australian Securities and Investments Commission-registered managed investment scheme (MIS).
“We are targeting the SMSF sector because that’s the sector that we know wants to invest,” DomaCom general manager of sales and marketing Warren Gibson said.
The average SMSF balance was just over $1 million at the end of the December 2013, according to Australian Taxation Office data. The median balance for the funds is around half that figure.
Gibson told Property Observer that the high cost to buy real estate meant most SMSFs wishing to invest in the asset class had to borrow to do so or invest through a syndicate or managed fund. Funds that did not wish to borrow risked having an undiversified portfolio.
“Syndicates are costly to set up, once you are in the syndicate you are there for the duration and there’s no liquidity for the structure. What we set about doing was introducing equity market concepts into the product,” Gibson said.
Investors can choose from the 18,320 properties already been listed on the Fractional Property Investment Platform, or request that any other property for sale be included. Around 17,000 of the properties currently listed are residential, 1,000 are commercial and 300 are rural.
The company aims to increase the number of listing to around 100,000 by the end of the year and eventually have all properties for sale listed, Gibson said.
After selecting a property, the investor bids on what proportion they would like to hold and a price range they believe it is worth.
The platform allows them to create a book build to buy the property with other investors who also wish to purchase a stake. When enough investors have joined the book build to account for the expected full value, DomaCom engages a buyers’ agent to acquire the property. Property valuers and conveyancers are also engaged.
After purchase, the property is placed into an MIS with sub-accounts set up for each investor. Rent and property-related costs are allocated to each investor in proportion to their holding.
The minimum amount to open an account is $20,000 but investors can put as little as $2,000 into each property.
Management fees to DomaCom are around 1% a year.
Gibson said the DomaCom platform also offered a secondary market where investors could sell their holdings in the MIS to others.
Investors can only access the structure through financial planners, who must be accredited to advise on the products.
DomaCom is also working on a product that will allow home owners to sell part of the equity in their property to investors. Gibson said the company hoped to release that product in the third quarter of this calendar year. 
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New tool allows SMSFs to buy shares in properties

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First home buyers will return to the property market as governments increase land supply, Stockland managing director Mark Steinert expects.
“We see a proactive focus from governments to improve the land supply that’s going to address the affordability issue,” Steinert said at the group’s half year results briefing last week.
Stockland, which produces small, high density residential properties at low price points, sells about half of the homes it builds to first-time buyers.
Despite low interest rates, first home buyer demand has been subdued as price rises and the removal of government grants for buying established dwellings have made it more difficult to save a deposit.
First home buyers accounted for 12.7% of total owner occupied housing finance commitments in December 2013, Australian Bureau of Statistics data shows.
<img alt="FHB-feb-14" src="/images/stories/2014/02/14/FHB-feb-14.gif" height="256" width="470">
Real Estate Institute of Australia president Peter Bushby said the figure was alarming compared with the long-run average of 19.9%. The REIA has called on governments to help first time buyers back into the market by allowing them to use superannuation savings to buy a home and by reinstating grants.
The Reserve Bank noted in its February Statement on Monetary Policy that demand for established housing was especially weak as changes in state government incentives for first home buyers toward new dwellings and away from established properties had shifted their purchases accordingly.
Housing Industry Association senior economist Shane Garrett said governments would have to further lift constraints on planning for new homes, land supply and infrastructure funding to maintain activity in the market.
“Addressing these issues will do much to improve longer term housing affordability,” Garrett said.
Steinert said there was a large amount of pent up demand from first home buyers for properties and rising prices in inner urban areas were encouraging people to look further out.
“There has been increased activity in the middle to outer rings as people search for a great lifestyle outcome at a competitive price,” Steinert said.
Stockland settled on 2,253 residential lots in the first half of 2014, an increase of 8.1% compared with the first half of 2013. Its revenue from residential property sales to consumers was up by 2.9% to $392 million, the group reported.
“We’ve seen a combination of price increases as well as volume [sales] increases,” Steinert said.
Prices for the group’s properties had increased by 8 to 10% in Sydney, and up to 5% elsewhere, he said. Packages that were previously on offer giving buyers extra such as landscaping included in the sale price were no longer widely available.
<a target="_blank" href="mailto:news@propertyobserver.com.au">news@propertyobserver.com.au</a>
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As land supply increases, so will first home buyers: Mark Steinert

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Self-managed superannuation funds allocated almost twice as much of their assets to residential property in 2013 compared with the year before, a report into the funds has found.
The fourth annual Intimate with Self-Managed Superannuation report found that 9.9% of SMSF assets were held in residential property last year, up from 5.6% in 2012. The increase came as fund members reduced their cash allocations to 31% of total assets, down from 33.9% of assets held in cash in 2012.
The report, released at the SMSF Professionals’ Association of Australia (SPAA) conference in Brisbane recently, revealed that one third of SMSF trustees plan to consider investing in residential property through their super fund.
More than two thirds of SMSF trustees who invest in property are self-directed in their decision to do so, however many people do seek advice from financial planners or accountants, particularly regarding the loan structures that super funds can use to borrow for investing, known as limited recourse borrowing arrangements.
However the report, which was commissioned by fund manager Russell Investments and SPAA, and produced by research house CoreData, found that fewer financial advisers intend to offer assistance in on limited recourse borrowing arrangements in future.
While almost half of financial advisers surveyed had previously advised SMSF trustees on the rules on borrowing through SMSFs, only 7.7% planned to provide advice in that area in future. Almost 30% of advisers surveyed had never given advice on limited recourse borrowing arrangements.
The report’s findings on property investment were at odds with the latest Australian Taxation Office statistics, which showed that in September 2013, only $18.6 billion or 3.5% of the total $531.5 billion held in SMSF assets were held in residential property.
<a href="mailto:news@propertyobserver.com.au" target="_blank">news@propertyobserver.com.au</a>
           
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SMSF residential property allocation nearly doubles over 2013

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Australians have greater trust and confidence in the superannuation system than they did a year ago but less than half expect to rely solely on superannuation savings in retirement, turning to cash and property to make up the anticipated shortfall, research has found.
The Financial Services Council/ING Direct Superannuation Sentiment Index, released last week, showed that attitudes had improved over the past year towards the performance of superannuation, as well as the stability and certainty that the compulsory savings system provided.
FSC chief executive John Brodgen said superannuation funds had achieved double digit returns for the second year in a row, which had helped to boost confidence. The index measure of sentiment towards fund performance improved by seven points to 121 in 2014.
However, 52% of those surveyed said superannuation savings alone would be insufficient to provide for their retirement and 55% had investments outside of superannuation.
One in five people with assets outside of superannuation had investment property, the research showed. One third had cash savings.
“What’s important is to understand that if you have got money in superannuation it’s not liquid. You do need some liquid savings,” Brodgen said.
Actuarial firm Rice Warner recently reported that Australians held more than $1.6 trillion in superannuation at June 2013. The actuaries projected that figure would increase in real terms to more than $5 trillion in 30 years.
In comparison, Australians hold around $2.3 trillion in assets outside of superannuation and that is predicted to grow to $4.6 trillion by mid-2028, according to Rice Warner’s report, Ageing and Capital Flows prepared for the Financial System Inquiry.
In dollar terms, investment property accounted for almost half of personal investments held now, at $1.1 trillion, Rice Warner’s report found. Cash and term deposits accounted for 33.8% of the value of personal investments, while directly held shares accounted for 11.1%.
Self-managed super funds have been boosting their allocations to direct property and Rice Warner predicts they will continue to be interested in the asset class.
However, the Rice Warner report suggests the proportion of overall personal investments held in direct property will fall by 4% by 2028.
“Growth will occur due to superannuation becoming relatively less attractive for high income earners and lower interest rates in the short to medium term. However, this will be somewhat offset by investors gearing property less and yields being under pressure due to property prices and costs rising faster than rents,” the report says.
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Majority believe super not enough to fund retirement: FSG/ING survey

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Speculation that the federal government might lift the age at which people can access their superannuation savings to 70 years should not concern people who have invested in property through a self-managed superannuation fund, a technical expert has said.
Federal Treasurer Joe Hockey last week gave strong indications that the age of eligibility for the government pension is likely to be lifted to 70 years over time while access to other government benefits for older people will also be restricted.
The statements have fuelled fears that the so-called preservation age at which people can access superannuation savings will also be raised.
But SMSF Professionals Association of Australia director technical and professional standards Graeme Colley told Property Observer that an increase to the preservation age for superannuation might advantage people who hold property in their fund.
“It might be an advantage because the longer they hold a property, the greater the likelihood of capital gains,” Colley said.
Many people who own investment property through an SMSF are forced to sell when one of the members retires if the property does not generate sufficient cash flow to pay a pension from the fund.
Colley said an increase to the preservation age for superannuation would probably be accompanied by an increase to the age at which people can make personal and voluntary contributions to their funds.
As the rules stand now, all working people can receive superannuation guarantee payments from employers into their funds, regardless of age. However, while people aged under 65 can also make voluntary or personal contributions to their funds, those aged between 65 and 75 years must meet a work test to be able to do so.
People aged over 75 are unable to make any personal or voluntary payments into their funds.
SMSFs that have borrowed to invest, particularly those that have negatively geared property, often need to sell if members can no longer contribute to the fund to make up the shortfall in cash flow.
Giving older people who were no longer working the ability to make personal contributions to superannuation would allow them to hold their property in the fund for longer, providing the advantage of holding the asset in the low-tax superannuation environment.
“The longer it is, the better it is,” Colley said.
He added there was a risk for government that lifting the superannuation preservation age beyond the planned graduated increase to age 60 by 2024 and aligning it with the age pension age could backfire and put unintended pressure on other parts of the social security system. 
Amounts accumulating in superannuation are excluded from the assets tests that determine whether people qualify for social security payments.
Older people currently moving from the workforce to the age pension, topped up with superannuation benefits, could be forced to rely on other social security payments such as the Newstart Allowance if they were unable to find work but were too young to access their superannuation or the age pension, Colley said. 
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Rise in pension age should not worry SMSF investors

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Investors should expect regulations that allow self-managed superannuation funds to borrow to buy property to come under government scruitiny in the coming months, an expert in the area has said.
In February, Assistant Treasurer Arthur Sinodinos ruled out a specific review into limited recourse borrowing arrangements which SMSFs use when taking out loans to buy property.
Macquarie Bank executive director David Shirlow told Property Observer it was unlikely that the government would change its position, despite Senator Sinodinos standing aside and Finance Minister Mathias Cormann taking over as Acting Assistant Treasurer.
“Whilst the prospect of a separate and specific review of the matter is off the policy agenda for the time being, there are still some live policy issues in borrowing through super,” said Shirlow, who specialises in SMSFs and sits on the board of the SMSF Professionals’ Association of Australia (SPAA).
He said some stakeholders had argued that it was inappropriate for SMSFs to borrow for property investment at all, and that further constraints on advice provided regarding limited recourse borrowing arrangements and product offerings could be considered.
The arrangements are likely to be examined as part of the Financial System Inquiry, which is due to publish an interim report in mid-2014 and a final report by November.
Numerous submissions to the Inquiry have called for government to review SMSF borrowing and put in place additional consumer protection measures and education for trustees.
Big four accounting firm KPMG noted in its submission that super funds were tax-exempt in the pension phase, which provided incentives for SMSFs to invest in long-term assets such as residential property, and even more so if the property was negatively geared.
The Institute of Chartered Accountants in Australia strongly encouraged a review of existing arrangements to ascertain whether borrowing was appropriate and, if it was, to ensure the right legislative and regulatory frameworks were in place.
Mid-tier accounting firm Chan &amp; Naylor called for urgent action to create a dedicated national SMSF educational framework, lead by the Australian Securities and Investments Commission (ASIC), to teach the public about the merits and pitfalls of SMSF investments.
The Reserve Bank of Australia noted that SMSFs borrowing could expose members to greater financial risks (including excessive concentration in a single asset) than they understood they were taking.
CPA Australia raised concerns about the appropriateness of advice received by SMSF trustees and members, and potential misinformation being provided by unlicensed advisers such as real estate agents, mortgage brokers and property developers.
Shirlow said ASIC considered itself to have jurisdiction, under the Corporations Act, over some aspects of property sales people giving advice on limited recourse borrowing arrangements.
“Stakeholders such as SPAA would argue that there should be some more definite consumer protection rules in place to make sure that property spruiking is not going to lead to disaster,” he added.
The Association of Superannuation Funds of Australia has previously advocated for advice to SMSFs on asset classes such as investment property and limited recourse loans to be provided only through licensed financial planners.
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Investors should expect SMSF borrowing to come under greater government scrutiny

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The SMSF Professionals Association of Australia has released a set of best practice guidelines on advice and lending practices for limited recourse borrowing arrangements (LRBAs) following criticism of the loans in the Financial System Inquiry.
National Australia Bank has agreed to adhere to the guidelines and SPAA is working with other lenders in the sector to try to win their support.
“We believe that by publishing these guidelines, and with NAB signing on and other major lenders in the pipeline (the major banks are estimated to have more than 85% of this market), the government and regulators can have a high degree of confidence that LRBAs are being used appropriately,” said SPAA chief executive Andrea Slattery.
LBRAs are loans that self-managed superannuation fund trustees can use to buy property and other assets through their funds.
The Reserve Bank of Australia warned in its submission to the Financial System Inquiry that increased borrowing through SMSFs warranted close monitoring due to the potential risks it posed to the financial system and individuals’ retirement incomes.
There were $2.72 billion worth of limited recourse borrowing arrangements in place at December 2013, the Australian Taxation Office reported. That was up from $515 million five years earlier.
The FSI interim report observed that if allowed to continue, growth in direct leverage by superannuation funds may create vulnerabilities for the superannuation and financial systems.
Slattery said a “tiny rogue minority” had been spruiking the borrowing facilities to SMSF trustees and that best practice guidelines were needed to ensure lenders and advisers took a responsible approach to the borrowing arrangements.
The lenders’ guidelines are intended to complement individual LRBA credit policy and practices. They require lenders to provide information to trustees about LBRAs and recommend they seek professional advice before entering into the arrangements, although they stop short of forcing trustees to seek advice.
The advice guidelines lists a series of topics advisers should cover in conversations with SMSF trustees about LRBAs, including risks, tax and what can and can’t be done with the property that secures the loan.
Slattery said the guidelines were intended to encourage self-regulation in the SMSF lending sector.
Six tips for staying out of trouble with LBRAs
<ol>
<li>Seek advice from an appropriately qualified and licensed SMSF specialist, accountant or financial adviser as to whether a LRBA is appropriate for you and how it would fit with your investment strategy</li>
<li>Seek legal advice on how to structure the loan and what is involved</li>
<li>Ensure the advisers and/or lawyers you speak to are independent of any property company that is advising you on a sale to minimise the chance of receiving biased advice</li>
<li>Understand your responsibilities in relation to the LRBA as distinct from the responsibilities of the lender and/or any adviser</li>
<li>Understand the rules about what you can and can’t do with a property bought with a LBRA</li>
<li>Understand the implications of the investment for your fund including factors such as tax, risk, diversification and time frames.</li>
</ol>
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Six tips for staying out of trouble with limited recourse borrowing arrangements

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The Australian Taxation Office has raised concerns that self-managed superannuation funds have been incorrectly reporting the details of limited recourse borrowing arrangements used to buy property.
The warning comes as the ATO prepares to take up new and more flexible powers to deal with SMSF trustees who fail to follow the rules.
From 1 July, the ATO will be able to impose a wider range of penalties on funds that breach superannuation law. Under the new penalty regime, trustees may be personally liable for penalties of up to $10,200 per breach. They may be forced to rectify the problem and complete an SMSF education course.
SMSF trustees are required to lodge accurate annual returns each year to the ATO detailing their fund’s assets, liabilities and income. Penalties can be applied to those that fail to lodge their annual returns on time, or incorrectly report the details of their fund.
The ATO said it had noticed some trustees had misreported details of limited recourse borrowing arrangements, which are used to borrow to buy property through an SMSF, in their funds’ annual returns for 2013.
To help trustees understand the requirements, the ATO has released a detailed guide describing how to complete each section of the annual return.
The ATO has recently released the 2014 version of the annual return for SMSFs. It has also clarified some of the rules that apply to the borrowing arrangements and assets they are used to acquire.
Strict conditions apply to borrowing money through limited recourse borrowing arrangements. There can be civil or criminal consequences for fund trustees that fail to follow the rules.
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