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Off the plan apartments are generally offered at a cheaper rate and provide investor incentives such as tax depreciation benefits and stamp duty savings.
However, for most buyers, the big picture goal is capital gain, so assessing the return potential of a new purchase from day one will help ensure success. Here are some key things to consider to get the most capital gain from an investment.
The first red flag? An oversupplied market
When a market becomes oversupplied, values can drop sharply, as can rental rates. New South Wales-based property investor <a href="https://www.urban.com.au/guides" target="_blank">Cameron McEvoy</a> says high market penetration occurs when too many large-scale development applications are approved by a council and are completed a few years later, resulting in an oversupply of housing stock in an area.
To avoid investing in a soon-to-be development jungle, investors should talk to local councils or visit the department of infrastructure website in their state to find out about projects that are underway or in the planning stage.
Heritage listed sites are a bonus
McEvoy says heritage listed sites are great things to look out for as heritage dwellings are not going to be bulldozed any time soon, therefore potentially making a desired apartment block as rare as hen’s teeth in that area.
“This in turn could result in your dwelling holding its value or increasing in value faster,” says McEvoy.
Get a demographic snapshot of the area
Understanding the population growth and job opportunities in an area is also an important tool in assessing capital gains, as it can give a snapshot of how an area is changing.
Principal of Sydney-based buyer’s agency 37 Property Group, Dean Berman, recommends comparing an old Australian Bureau of Statistics census against the most recent census to get a snapshot of how an area is changing.
Berman says to consider historical trends of vacancy rates and rental yields to gauge an understanding of the market.
“Investors could look at how vacancy rates have performed over the last five to ten years and that, sub two percent, is a good benchmark,” says Berman.
Owner-occupier appeal
Property Searchers managing partner Scott McGeever says a good investment needs to appeal to the owner-occupier market rather than the mass investor market.
“This will generally be done by investing in a larger floor area in a smaller complex, rather than a smaller one-bedroom unit in a high rise complex,” McGeever says.
One-bedroom units in high-rise complexes will fall into the trap of competing against a hundred other similar apartments in the same complex, which appeal to the same market.
Remember…
Before investing in an off the plan apartment, research is integral in assessing whether the development has the potential for capital gain. As mentioned, things to look out for include: avoiding an oversupplied market, a larger floor area in a smaller complex is better than a small space in a highrise development, and having a demographic snapshot of the area and its potential for change is crucial.
Off the plan apartments, like any other investments, are more likely to result in a positive investment if due diligence is taken in the research phase.
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How to: Access capital gain from a new apartment

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Finding the right off the plan apartment is no easy task, as potential investors are saturated with new development options, all offering unique features and incentives to get them on board.
In order to find an off the plan development that is right for your needs, you will need to undertake some necessary research.
Firstly, research the location you are looking at investing in. In order to avoid potentially buying into an oversupplied area, check pending developments and applications in the area. When a market becomes oversupplied, values can drop sharply, as can rental rates.
Ask, does the area have the necessary infrastructure in place, and are there good amenities nearby? It’s important to check with the local council on future plans for the area if it is lacking these things.
Property Searchers managing partner Scott McGeever says the surrounding developments need to keep with the subject development. That is, if you’re buying into a low-rise complex, there should be no high rises nearby.
“The development should also be close to good amenities and have commercial or retail facilities close by – but not be on top of,” says McGeever.
If you’re planning on buying then letting out the property, check with local real estate agents about the demand in the area and what type of people rent. For example professional couples, single dwellers or families.
Another crucial step is researching the developers, architects and builders and their history. Have they delivered past projects on time? Do they have a good track record of delivering quality developments and how are they tracking financially? This research is important in avoiding a potential investment pitfall.
The next important step is to inspect the display suite.
“Viewing and/or buying an off the plan property is difficult to get your head around from looking at a floor plan and sample board,” McGeever says.
“For this reason, many people make the mistake of thinking bedrooms are bigger than what they are, based on the bedroom in a floor plan depicting a double bed or a couch and dining table laid out in a combined lounge/dining area.
“The reality when standing in the completed unit is quite different as they never seem as big as the floor plan depicted,” he says.
A bonus to buying off the plan is working out what you can ask for and change about the plans to suit yourself.
Holding Redlich partner and property law expert <a href="/expert-insights/buying/21174-otp-dont-underestimate-the-risks">Carolyn Chudleigh</a> says the best way to protect yourself from a nasty shock is to check every detail on the sale contract, particularly regarding the property’s finishes.
“Know everything about the interior, down to how many power points there will be in every room,” she says.
“All of this can be negotiated before exchange of contracts and should be included specifically in the contract if you want to be able to enforce performance against the vendor.
“If a contract is skinny on detail, there may be little room for complaints at the end of the day.”
Lastly, McGeever recommends buying into a small low-rise complex with no lift and low body corporate fees.
Apartments with better aspects and views will most likely attract a higher rental yield and McGeever recommends that all living areas of the unit are orientated away from the west or south and have a sensible layout.
 
{rsform 49}
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How to: Find an off the plan property

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According to data released by the ABS earlier this week, the amount of loans financed to first home buyers in September recorded a new low at only 12.48%.
This week’s exclusive piece is putting the spotlight on this data and whether or not it’s a true reflection of what’s going on in the market.
Many property forums are arguing that first home buyers are no longer ticking the first home buyers box, and therefore skewing the statistics.
Todd Hunter of wHeregroup says he would like to know who came up with this data and where it came from on his latest <a target="_blank" href="https://www.wheregroup.com.au/blog/are-they-are-they-really/">blogpost.</a>
Professionals active in the property sphere were asked the following question.
Do you agree with the first home buyer statistics? Why or why not?
 
 
Paul Biller – Principal of <a href="https://www.1stcity.com.au/" target="_blank">1st City Hasemer &amp; Caldwell-Eyles<img src="/images/stories/2013/11/15/biller-profile.jpg" alt="biller-profile" style="float: right;" height="200" width="150"></a>
FHB LEVELS PLUNGED SINCE THE GOVERNMENT REPLACED FHB GRANTS WITH INCENTIVES
Yes, I agree with these statistics. There is no benefit to a first home buyer no longer ticking the first home buyer box.
Australia’s housing market is experiencing its strongest run in years. Investors and changeover buyers are being drawn back to the market following interest rate cuts and the positive outlook for housing. Yet despite historically low interest rates, rising prices are raising fresh concerns about housing affordability for first home buyers. Just one-in-eight borrowers were first home buyers in September - the lowest proportion in more than two decades.
First home buyer levels have plunged recently in some states by more than 10% since the government replaced first home owner grants with incentives to buy only brand new properties, however the bulk of first home buyers are still buying established dwellings because they are more affordable.
When the government announces it is putting an end to an incentive and telegraphs it, a lot of home buyers bring their plans forward. The result of the rush to get in before October 2012 means that many buyers who would have been in the market now, purchased last year instead. As a result of the new policies, the Australian Bureau of Statistics shows that first home buyers are becoming scarcer. There is too much competition with investors who are looking at the same properties and taking the opportunity to borrow with the lowest interest rates in 50 years and with a shortage of rental accommodation pushing up yields.
Other factors include stamp duty and the size of deposit required and ability to save for it. While monthly mortgages were becoming more affordable, first home buyers were struggling to put down a deposit as property prices continue to rise.
 
Jessica Darnbrough - Spokesperson for <a href="https://www.mortgagechoice.com.au/?" target="_blank">Mortgage Choice</a><img src="/images/stories/2013/11/15/jessica.darnborough-profile-2.jpg" alt="jessica.darnborough-profile-2" style="float: right;" height="200" width="150">
ABS STATISTICS COULD BE SIGNIFICANTLY LOWER THAN WHAT IS HAPPENING IN REALITY
 
The data from the Australian Bureau of Statistics is as true as it can be. The Australian Bureau of Statistics report on the data that is available to them.
That said, today, some of the states have removed the first home owners grant for established dwellings. As a result, many first home buyers who are purchasing existing properties do not have to declare that they are buying for the first time.
According to a recent survey by Mortgage Choice, 70.9% of recent first home owners said they had purchased an established dwelling. With this in mind, it is reasonable to assume that the first home owner numbers as reported by the Australian Bureau of Statistics could be significantly lower then what is happening in reality.
Next page: Kevin Lee and Ben Kingsley
 
 
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Kevin Lee - Buyers agent at <a href="https://www.smartpropertyadviser.com.au/?" target="_blank">Smart Property Adviser</a>
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FORGET THE 12.48% - WHO, WHAT, WHERE AND WERE THE OTHER 87.52%?
It never ceases to amaze me that first home buyers regularly receive a disproportionate amount of media and government attention when compared to the actual percentage of the total property market that they account for.
Could I be so bold as to suggest that this group is a 'political football' and therefore the recipient of so much government 'spin'. But they will never, ever save the country - how can they?
Forget the 12.48% who bought their first property - who, what, where… were the other 87.52%?
That's the number one question our politicians, policy makers, bureaucrats and property professionals should be focused on. With the right assistance/incentives this second group could (and should) have a much larger impact on the Australian economy.
However all the press is devoted to the precious few home buyers who are having their first go at becoming a rate payer. Weird isn't it!
By definition, most of this 12.48% won't do much for the next six or seven years. Sure they'll struggle to make their monthly repayments, buy some furniture, have a kid or two, maybe buy a new car, and send their kids to schools in the area.
Don't try to tell me that the other 87% of purchasers don't contribute in the same way?
It matters nought whether the purchaser is an owner occupier or investor - the end result is always the same.
Whether you purchase a property to live in yourself - or for someone else to live in - there's still a household to be formed, things to buy, kids to go to school, and people who will live a life there.
Let's face it, governments devoid of any real ideas, balls or brains created incentives for a minority group to stop renting and purchase their own home. First home owner grants of $7,000, then $10,000 then $14,000 ... but wait there's more. Buy now and we'll also throw in free stamp duty - in NSW that's a potential saving of another $23,000.
So the government spends millions of dollars to entice maybe 100,000 extra people to join this minority group. Why? Because this is what financially un-educated people do.
Smart people - those people with a financial education - set goals and take the necessary action to reach those goals. They get other people to pay off their debt for them.
Little do these bureaucrats know that many savvy first time buyers were in fact buying their first investment property, all they had to do was comply with the rules and live in the property for a very short period.
If these bureaucrats had any clue, they would incentivise all people who are trading up or down by removing (or at least reducing) the two most insidious taxes ever created: stamp duty and land tax. The average Sydney couple buying a modest home or investment property for $700,000 pays just over $27,000 NSW stamp duty for the privilege.
That's equivalent to furnishing that property, a pretty special holiday or a whole mouth full of dental work. Our economy would be so much stronger if that $27,000 was spent on goods and services for the individual, instead of employing another pencil pusher.
They were supposed to eliminate those state based taxes with the introduction of the GST, but our governments are like heroin addicts - their addiction to the tax is on the same level; they will do anything to get it and just can't give it up.
 
Ben Kingsley – Chair of <a href="https://www.pipa.asn.au/%E2%80%8E" target="_blank">Property Investment Professionals of Australia</a> (PIPA)<img src="/images/stories/2013/11/15/ben-kingsley-profiel.jpg" alt="ben-kingsley-profiel" style="float: right;" height="200" width="150">
THIS DATA IS NOW OVER SIX WEEKS OLD AND THE MARKET FOR FHB IS ON THE IMPROVE
I see no beneficial reason or hidden agenda by the ABS to alter the statistical reporting of this data.  The ABS do a great job in capturing and reporting this data on a monthly basis and have done so for many years now.  This housing finance series attempts to enumerate all providers in its scope of collecting this data and in the early 2000s the collection of this data was handed over the Australian Prudential Regulatory Authority (APRA), so the coherency and consistency of the data has remained robust over this period. The claims that first home buyer borrowers are choosing not to report their status as first home buyers on their loan applications to lenders doesn't make sense to me.  First home buyers have access to grants and/or incentive scheme across each state and territory at the moment, and lenders are heavily involved in the implementation of these grant and incentive as part of the lending application process, so first home buyers are almost certainly known to lenders and reported as such in this data in my view. Within our business in Melbourne, our observations of the soft activity by first timers in the market and also the number of first home buyers we are arranging finance and providing buyers agency services for supports this September reading.  However we need to recognise this data is now over six week old and the market for first home buyers in definitely on the improve and I'd expect this number will be the bottom of this cycle for first home buyers and the remainder of the year we will see an improve and 2014 I see even further growth in first home over grant numbers active in the market.
Nest page: Todd Hunter and Andrew Wilson 
 
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Todd Hunter - Director at <a href="https://www.wheregroup.com.au/%E2%80%8E" target="_blank">wHeregroup</a><img src="/images/stories/2013/11/01/todd-hunter-profile-2.png" alt="todd-hunter-profile-2" style="float: right;" height="171" width="144">
THERE IS NO WAY TO ACTUALLY GAUGE WHO IS A FIRST HOME BUYER AND WHO IS NOT

It’s being bantered all over the press everywhere, the property market has out priced first home buyers and they have magically disappeared from the market place. They are gone and don’t look to return anytime soon. Are they?
 
I personally would like to know who came up with this data and where it came from. In New South Wales since the first home owners grant and the stamp duty concession was abolished, with the exception for new properties, there is no way to actually gauge who is a first home buyer and who is not. There are no forms to fill in, no boxes to tick on the loan application form, no sections to fill in on the land transfer. So I ask, how do they know this?
 
It sounds like some fancy media or marketing hype that someone has conjured up and now the media herds are running with it like no tomorrow. For those who have ever dealt with the wHeregroup, you would have had contact with one or both Rebecca’s. Well Rebecca - my personal assistant - has recently purchased her first unit. Now this unit was in the Sutherland Shire but was not new. Rebecca wanted to live in the Shire so rather than buy a new house and land package in the western suburbs, where there is available land, she opted to pay the stamp duty and live where she wanted to live. As the $7,000 grant is no longer available, her transaction went through undetectable as a first home purchase. In the past I have exposed inaccuracies in the stats and supposed property indexes. I wrote a <a href="https://www.wheregroup.com.au/blog/the-median-measurement-is-misaligned/" target="_blank">blog</a> on the median house price and how the figures can be easily skewiff.
 
Well it appears that this fictional statistic has also been skewiff, and it’s such an easy fix. All we need is a box ticked on the land transfer so the type of purchaser can be calculated correctly.
 
I do agree, however, that it is becoming increasingly more difficult to first home owners to get into the market; especially in the Australia’s capital cities, but come on lets not over exaggerate things, lets find solutions. It may mean that first home buyers may need to take a different tact in investing in property, whereas they may have to buy a cheaper investment property or two in large regional areas where house prices are still around the $300,000 – $350,000 mark and increase their wealth in those properties. So that when they sell they have a much larger deposit for their home. As the game changes so must your game plan. But one thing’s for sure, what we certainly don’t need is a whole bunch of negative inaccurate hype deterring our future generation from buying property.
These comments originally appeared on Todd Hunter's blog.
 
Dr Andrew Wilson - Senior Economist for Australian Property Monitors
Latest ABS data seems to indicate increased underlying barriers to home ownership <img src="/images/stories/2013/10/04/AndrewWilson-profile.jpg" alt="AndrewWilson-profile" style="float: right;" height="150" width="125">
trengthening housing markets and rising prices can be bad news for first home buyers waiting in the home ownership queue.
With prices rising faster than savings this can lengthen the queuing duration for first home buyers or alternatively necessitates revised property type and location choices.
Increased investor activity can also be a barrier for first home buyers as these groups tend to compete with each other for similar properties.
Latest ABS home loan data seems to indicate increased underlying barriers to home ownership and have fuelled the flames of first home buyer doomsaying. But a closer look at the data reveals a more positive environment, particularly on a local market-by-market basis.
The ABS reported that the proportion of first home buyers approved over September in New South Wales is the lowest on record at just 4.1 percent market share of home purchase loans. No real surprise here as significant first home buyer activity has been brought forward over the past two years as a consequence of state government changes to first home buyer incentives.
Similarly in Queensland low first home buyer activity is a consequence of demand brought forward over the past year due to changes to local incentive schemes. And Victorian first home buyer activity is also predictably waning following a recent surge in activity as the local state government followed the lead of other states and changed its incentive programs.
First home buyer activity in other state markets however remains consistently alive and well. In Western Australia the proportion of first home buyers in the market is a nation-leading 20.6 percent and clearly above the long-term average for that state. Similarly in South Australia the proportion of first home buyers at 14.7 percent remains above the long-term average for that state.
Tasmania first home buyer activity over September remains just below the long term average market share.
Expect first home buyer activity to gradually recover in New South Wales, Victoria and Queensland as underlying demand increases driven by Australia’s ever-resilient aspiration for home ownership.
 
Property Observer is looking into how ABS compiles this data and will publish a follow-up piece.
 
<a target="_blank" href="mailto:ntrotman@propertyobserver.com.au">ntrotman@propertyobserver.com.au</a>
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Stand up and be counted: Are the FHB stats a true reflection?

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Choosing an apartment within an off the plan development might seem like a daunting task. However, once you have completed the trickier task of researching the complex that is right for you, finding the right apartment only comes down to a few things.
The number one factor to consider is your price range.
Melbourne Real Estate sales director Georgina Mellick says when potential buyers are choosing between a variety of floor plans within a development, she looks at price range first, and then their wish list.
“First up is the price range and then the outlook, as some people will have a preference for sea views, an easterly view or a garden view,” she says.
“We always have floor plans we prefer and we show those first.”
Property Searchers managing director Scott McGeever says living areas of the unit should be orientated away from the west or south, but Mellick says, come re-sale time, she doesn’t notice a difference with a unit’s aspect.
“I find that when selling them off the plan they tend to be more popular, but in the secondary sales, as long as the outlook is really good, it doesn’t really have an impact whether it’s north or south or west,” she says.
Mellick says higher levels in a complex are always preferred as they have a better outlook, however a lower level is fine if it has a good outdoor area attached.
Research by <a href="/news/27731-apartment-levels-giving-you-more-bang-for-your-buck-which-floor-would-you-choose">Brisbane-based property analyst Think Matusik</a> says levels three to eight sell more quickly and are generally held the longest.
Think Matusik says the best value for money in highrises is the level below the sewerage and water pipes – floors seven to eight – as the ceilings height is slightly higher.
Apartments with a better aspect and/or view will most likely attract a higher rental yield than a lower floor apartment, but it comes down to whether you are purchasing as an owner-occupier or an investor.
If you are purchasing as an investor, it’s important to keep in mind tenants expectations, such as a car space, which could increase your asking rent.
If your chosen development is in a busy area where there is limited street parking available, a car space could be a huge draw card as an investor.
Property investor <a href="/expert-insights/investing/26705-oct-9-observer-cameron-mcevoy">Cameron McEvoy</a> says to ask local agents what the going rental rate is for a unit with parking included compared to one without, and if different parking types attract higher rent.
If you are buying as an owner-occupier and the development is located on a busy road, McEvoy says traffic noise is something to consider in the choosing process.
McEvoy says if double-glazed windows aren’t built in, this should be a negotiation point when buying.
Lastly, Mellick says to avoid apartments that are a ‘dime a dozen’ type.
“The actual development size isn’t really an issue, it’s the quality of the development and whether it has characteristics.
“You want to buy into a development that has a lot of different floor plan options.”
One-bedroom units in high-rise complexes will fall into the trap of competing against a hundred other similar apartments in the same complex, which appeal to the same market.
Remember in order to choose the right apartment, factor in your budget and take the time to write a wish list of things that are important to you. Keep this list with you to ease the confusion in the buying process, and to avoid settling for something you’re not 100% happy with.
 
{rsform 49}
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How to: Choose the perfect off the plan apartment

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Buying a new apartment off the plan is increasingly popular, but there can be pitfalls if individuals fail to do the necessary research on the property developer.
Background checking a developer doesn’t mean becoming Sherlock Holmes and sleuthing around, but it does require a potential purchaser to ask questions and take an interest in a developer’s history.
The best place to start is online by looking at property blogs and newspaper articles. A quick search of the developer’s name should yield results. Are there any court actions against a developer? Bad feedback on forums should ring alarm bells.
CBRE director of residential development Matthew Ramsay says the other key step is to research a developer on their website and see what other projects the company has developed.
“You can go out and see the display suite and see the quality of the actual project, or even older things they’ve built, to see the quality of the finishes,” says Ramsay.
Ramsay says there are two types of developers, tier one and tier two.
“There’s the developer who will employ a third party builder and it’s important to know who that third party builder is. It needs to be someone who has a signification in the market and someone who has done residential construction before,” says Ramsay.
“If a builder is known as a tier one or a tier two builder, then they’re known as a good quality builder in the market place.”
If an individual is going through a buyer’s agent, the agency will generally obtain information through their agent contacts in the market and will know the quality of the product the developer provides through past experience.
Property Searchers managing partner Scott McGeever says it is important to look at the facilities offered in the complex, as they can be big-ticket costs down the track and significantly add to strata expenses.
McGeever says to look at the type and quality of the construction and the level of fittings and fixtures that are used in the complex and well as the interior of the property itself.
“If they are cheap and nasty, they tend not to age well and look tatty after a short period and that will effect re-sale,” says McGeever.
Most new development projects have a mandatory seven-year structural warranty with an insurer and Ramsay says buyers do have rights in their contract of sale if things were to go askew.
“In most, if not all contracts of sale, there is a deadline date in which the developer must have the apartment completed and hand it over to the buyer,” says Ramsay.
“If the developer misses that deadline date, the buyer then has the right to refuse the contract and the deposit is returned.
“If the apartment layout changes or there’s significant changes to the apartment, the buyer also has the right to refuse the contract.”
It’s also important to have the contract of sale read by a solicitor.
With the right research done into the developer, the architect and the contract details, buying off the plan does not need to be a risky property investment.
 
{rsform 49}
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How to: Background check a developer

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Off the plan properties appear attractive to some buyers as only a 10% deposit is required up front, leaving a timeframe of 12 to 18 months to get the necessary finance in place.
Off the plan purchasers are entitled to borrow the same amount as other forms of lending – up to 95% of the purchase price and capitalised lenders mortgage insurance (LMI) – but will need to commit to the purchase without having an unconditional approval from the bank.
Buyers cannot apply for a mortgage if settlement is over 18 months away but most lenders issue a pre-approval, and once settlement comes, it can be reassessed.
Multifocus mortgage broker Philippe Branch says generally lenders require a valuer to go on site and visit the premises, which is only possible about four to six weeks before settlement.
“An application can be lodged up to six months in advance with some lenders but the approval is subject to valuation,” Branch says.
“Some rare lenders will offer full approval with an off the plan valuation, without going on site up to 17 months before settlement. However, they will do a physical valuation before settlement to confirm the first valuation.”
Branch advises that purchasers stick to borrowing 90% of the purchase price plus capitalised LMI as a maximum, as LMI can become expensive at 95%.
“LMI can be over 4% of the value of the loan and mortgage insurers become really nervous of mortgages over 90%, applications need to be strong,” says Branch.
Branch says there are hidden costs to be aware of in buying an off the plan property, including not only a lawyer, but also blinds and curtains.
“Lawyers costs are typically more expensive as off the plan contracts are usually not standard contracts,” he says.
“So whereas a typical conveyancing would be $1500 to $2000, an off the plan would probably be $2000 to $3000.
“Also, make sure that blinds and curtains are included in the contract otherwise it is an extra cost at settlement.”
The repayment schedule of an off the plan purchase does not differ from other forms of lending and can be paid as principal and interest over 30 years or interest only over 30 years, with a five to 15 years interest-only period.
If the developer happens to go bust during development, the purchaser does not lose their 10% deposit.
“Most off the plan deposits will go into a lawyer’s trust account and is not available to the developer,” says Branch.
“If the developer goes bust, then the deposit and accrued interest will be returned to the buyer.”
Branch says buyers sometimes give a 10% deposit or more to the developer directly, who in return promises huge interest, typically 15% per annum.
“Schemes like this gave off the plan a bad name in the past. If the developer goes bust, the investor has lost the deposit,” says Branch.
First home buyers are entitled to state grants when buying or building a new home and buyers in New South Wales are entitled to a New Home Grant, which equates to $15,000 for off-the-plan homes, dropping to $10,000 in 2016.
The list of grants available in each state can be found on government websites.
Buying off the plan comes with pros and cons like any property purchase, but it’s important to keep in mind that a pre-approval valuation may be less or more than the final valuation, ultimately altering the percentage of the amount borrowed.
{rsform 49}
 
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How to: Organise finance for a new build

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Like a brand new car, new apartments and contents depreciate in value almost immediately but many investors are not aware of the depreciation benefits they are entitled to claim.
The Australian Tax Office enables investors to cover part of the purchase price by allowing them to claim depreciation on certain items like fittings and fixtures at the end of every financial year.
Although there is no percentage that fits all off the plan purchasers, Matusik Property Insights director Michael Matusik says up to 60% of the built cost of a new apartment can be tax-deductible over time.
Purchasers of off the plan apartments can take the contract of sale to a quantity surveyor to have a depreciation schedule put together, as the contract will detail inclusions such as price, size of the unit and size of the building.
A tax depreciation company can also inspect a property to determine the current value of every item and will then calculate how much value each of those items will lose every year for up to 40 years.
However, Multifocus Properties and Finance chief executive officer Philippe Brach says to get a definite schedule that an accountant can use, the property must be settled as the settlement acts as the starting date for the depreciation entitlement.
The depreciation report is submitted at the end of every financial year and is allowed to be back dated by up to two years.
BMT Quantity Surveyors director <a href="/expert-insights/finance/24589-investors-attracted-to-301142-park-street-south-melbournes-depreciation-tax-windfall-" target="_blank">Brad Beer says on average investors can claim between $5,000 and $10,000</a> as a first full-year deduction.
Brach says for the first few years, depreciation will fall away rapidly but is largely compensated by rising rent revenue in keeping the cash flow constant.
“After about 10 years, depreciation will stop declining but rent will still keep rising, therefore the cash flow starts increasing,” says Brach.
Property investor <a href="/expert-insights/finance/16155-the-benefits-of-depreciation-or-how-wear-and-tear-can-be-to-your-advantage-cameron-mcevoy" target="_blank">Cameron McEvoy</a> says the amount an investor can claim is always much higher in the first few years.
“It goes without saying that the figure for say year three, will be much higher than year 27.
“This is due to the gradual degrading value of items.
“More often that not, properties that are one to five years old have the most depreciable potential,” says McEvoy.
Brach advises that when looking at potential investment properties, fittings and fixtures should be taken into consideration when short-listing apartments as they will give high depreciation in the early years.
Off the plan buyers should be able to obtain a depreciation schedule from the developer free of charge to help them work out their numbers properly but if one is not available, a report can be constructed for around $300 to $1,000 through a depreciation specialist.
“Without a schedule, your cash flow may be way out of reality and you investment decision will be wrong,” says Brach.
The one-off report fee is also tax deductible.
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How to: Check your depreciation entitlements

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Many home buyers are eligible for government support through first home owner schemes, particularly those buying off the plan apartments, but each state has their own schemes in order to boost state construction.
Here is a breakdown of the current grants and incentives available in Victoria, New South Wales, South Australia and Queensland.
The New South Wales government has the New Home Grant scheme, which offers $5000 for off the plan homes valued at $650,000 or less and is available to both investors and owner-occupiers.
An application for the New Home Grant must be made within three months of the first signed contract and is paid as credit on the purchaser’s stamp duty.
If the stamp duty tax is greater than $5000, the difference between the duty and the $5000 grant is to be paid by the buyer, but if the stamp duty is under $5000, the grant is used and the buyer is not out of pocket.
The grant can be applied for more than once on multiple properties, however each property must be new and only one grant will be issued per property.
The New South Wales government also offers a First Home Owner grant of up to $15,000 for newly built or bought homes valued at under $650,000. The property must be the intended place of residence, as the buyer must live in the property for a continuous period of six months.
The New South Wales First Home Owner grant will drop down to $10,000 from January 1, 2016.
The Queensland government offers first home buyers building or buying a brand new home a $15,000 Great Start Grant for properties valued under $750,000.
To be eligible for the grant, first home buyers must move in within one year of the completion date and live there for a minimum of six months.
Applications can be made through the Office of State Revenue or through a bank or lending institution.
The South Australian government offers up to $15,000 for first home buyers building or buying a new property that does not exceed that value of $575,000.
As with other states, the property must be the intended place of residence for at least six continuous months.
Off the plan buyers may also be eligible for an off the plan concession, which provides a full stamp duty concession of up to $21,330.
To be eligible for the full stamp duty concession, contracts must be entered into before June 30, 2014, as after this date, only a partial concession will be paid until June 30, 2016.
The stamp duty concession is only available to apartments located within a certain area, so check the Revenue South Australia website for more details.
First home buyers building or purchasing a new home in Victoria are eligible for up to $10,000 as long as the value of the home does not exceed $750,000.
All states can apply for grants via the Office of State Revenue or through a bank or lending institution.
If applications for grants are made through the Office of State Revenue, the grant may be paid as soon as all necessary documentations are received.
For those applying through a bank or lending institution, the grant is generally paid on settlement. 
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How to: Apply for the first home owner’s grant

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When it comes to purchasing an off the plan apartment, one thing is constant - the ‘first in best dressed’ rule applies.
The key is to watch out for marketing campaigns for new developments, in order to stay ahead of the pack.
However there is no one size fits all strategy to promote new options, with each developer reaching out to potential buyers in different ways.
Developers generally start advertising their development a couple of weeks prior to the official launch to generate some buyer interest, and some will offer a VIP night.
“Rather than starting to advertise when the property is ready to go on the market, it will be a couple of weeks in the lead up to it so potential buyers have an option to look at it if they’re really keen,” says Melbourne Real Estate sales director Georgina Mellick.
“Some people just want to go to the open, but some people want the option to look in a bit earlier before it goes to market.
“It’s [VIP nights] just a bit of building the momentum for any of the people wanting to have a look in before.”
Accessing a property for sale earlier means having a greater chance of securing a better unit and potentially getting a discount, as most developers need to sell a certain pre-sale amount before the bank will grant them funding.
Off the plan apartments generally only require a deposit up front and the balance of the purchase price is paid upon settlement, typically 12 to 24 months down the track.
It’s important to keep in mind lenders will only give conditional approval to finance an off the plan purchase, subject to future valuation. When the unit is complete, the lender will have the apartment valued. If it comes in lower than the purchase price, the lender will finance a lesser percentage of the purchase price.
That means, if a buyer snaps up an apartment when the market is on its way up, the property is likely to gain some value before settlement date but the purchase price remains the same.
However, if an apartment is bought and the market drops, buyers may be short of cash at the end if the valuation comes in lower at settlement.
The Western Australia Department of Commerce says when buying a new apartment it’s important to check for provisions in the contract such as the completion date, whether buyers are entitled to resell the property before the purchase is completed and if they have the right to a pre-settlement inspection.
The department recommends visiting any other projects the developer is involved in, to find out if the projects are on schedule and if the quality of the work is good.
It is also important to get a copy of the plan and get the plans and specifications checked by an independent architect or building consultant and for the buyer to choose their own licensed valuer to value the property.
“Most disputes arise from a buyer not being happy with the end product,” says <a href="/expert-insights/buying/24082-monday-july-1-flicker-8-potential-pitfalls-to-watch-out-for-when-you-buy-off-the-plan" target="_blank">Holding Redlich lawyer Carolyn Chudleigh</a>.
“The best way to avoid this is to be aware of exactly what all of the finishes should be,” says Chudleigh.
“All of this can be negotiated before exchange of contracts and should be included specifically in the contract if you want to be able to enforce performance against the vendor.
“If a contract is skinny on detail, there may be little room for complaints at the end of the day.”
The rule of thumb when buying off the plan is: first in first served – interested buyers should register early and attend VIP nights if they’re offered. Secondly, the contract should always be looked over by a solicitor before any signing occurs.
 
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How to: Purchase an off the plan apartment

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Planning how to rent out an off the plan apartment is similar, if not the same, to other forms of property investment strategy, however some developers may offer a rental guarantee on the new purchase.
Developers generally offer a rental guarantee for the first year or two, however many property professionals warn against buying into a development that offers a rental guarantee.
iProperty Plan director Mark Armstrong says by accepting a guaranteed rent level, investors are insulated from market forces.
“As newer properties come on to the market and tenants have a wider choice of places to live, the market rent for a property could fall,” says Armstrong.
Market analyst <a href="https://www.urban.com.au/guides">Catherine Cashmore</a> says the rental guarantee is always factored into the sale price of the apartment.
Cashmore says rental guarantees can be between 5% to 7%. If an investment has a gross return of 6% and the developer guarantees $300 a week rent, the purchase price would be $260,000.
But if the market rent is in fact $250 a week, the property is really worth $218,000, resulting in investors paying 19.2% over the market value.
“Once the guarantee expires, the unit’s yield will revert back to market forces,” says Cashmore.
Armstrong says once the guarantee expires, investors will need to have sufficient cashflow to hold the property during periods when the property is not tenanted.
Property 1 real estate agent Garth Rothwell says rental guarantees are good for overcoming fear of loss due to a vacancy period but in reality, all rents are guaranteed.
“I guarantee there will be people willing to rent a unit, it just comes down to how much rent they are willing to pay.
“Guarantees that are offered by the developer and are above market value are bound to fail, as proven in the past, as they are unsustainable over the medium to long term.
“Rent guarantees based on market value for a period of one to three years can be beneficial for investors to overcome the fear factor and help the investor with cash flow in the initial years of the purchase,” says Rothwell.
“Ultimately it comes down to how the rent guarantee is funded.”
Off the plan apartments can be advertised for rent prior to settlement but Rothwell says the investor will require the developer’s permission to advertise early, as the developer will have to authorise access to conduct inspections.
“If the unit is leased prior to settlement, the developer is entitled to the rent collected prior to the settlement date.
“If a guarantee is in place, the developer will already have this process in place,” says Rothwell.
For investors wanting to rent out their new apartment, Rothwell advises to price the unit at market value, not emotional value.
“Investors should be prepared to trade off $10 to $15 per week in rent to get a better tenant sooner, or alternatively a tenant with a small pet may pay more.
“The investor needs to identify the type of tenant they wish to attract, familiarise themselves with relevant facts regarding pets, body corporate rules and on site management,” says Rothwell.
Rothwell advises that a pre-purchase/settlement inspection is organised from a licensed building inspector and that a detailed initial inspection report is completed.
“Complete all guarantees for stoves, ovens, dishwashers and air conditioners and ensure a landlord’s insurance policy is in place to cover loss of rent due to malicious damage and a basic contents policy to cover any dispute about building or contents,” says Rothwell.
As with any property investment, research is the key to ensure the numbers add up and that all the correct measures are taken to safeguard investors and their property.
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Nicola Trotman

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